Discussion
Which of the following is not the main cause for soil salinity and sodicity?
Answer: D
The one that is not a cause is Use of heavy machinery, resulting in no soil compaction.
Salinity and sodicity develop when salts accumulate in the root zone. Irrigation mismanagement (excess water raising the water table), poor land levelling (water ponding and evaporating in low spots) and leaching without drainage (salts moved down but not removed) all cause it.
The last option describes no compaction, which is not a mechanism of salt build-up, so it is not a cause. (Compaction from heavy machinery can worsen drainage, but the option as worded rules that out.)
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