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The dispersion relation for water waves relates

  • A.wave steepness to the slope of the sea bed beneath it
  • B.wave frequency to wavenumber and the water depth present
  • C.wave height to the wind speed that generated the waves
  • D.wave energy to the density of the water in the region

Answer: B

Correct answer: wave frequency to wavenumber and the water depth present

\[ \omega^2 = gk\tanh(kd). \] This single equation governs almost everything about linear wave propagation: it gives the celerity, distinguishes deep from shallow water through the behaviour of the hyperbolic tangent, and shows why waves of different period travel at different speeds.

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