Discussion
"Eye for an eye" is advocated by which one of the following theories of punishment ?
Answer: B
"Eye for an eye" belongs to the Retributive theory.
The retributive theory holds that punishment is justified because it is deserved: the offender should suffer in proportion to the wrong done. The lex talionis, an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth, is its oldest and strictest form, matching the penalty to the injury.
The other theories look forward to consequences rather than back to the offence. The deterrent theory punishes so that the offender and others will be discouraged from crime; the preventive theory aims to make the offender unable to repeat it, as by imprisonment; and the reformative theory aims to change the offender into a law-abiding person. None of them requires the penalty to mirror the injury.
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