Discussion
The primacy of character over action is asserted in :
Answer: D
The primacy of character is asserted in virtue-ethics.
Virtue ethics, from Aristotle to modern writers such as Elizabeth Anscombe and Alasdair MacIntyre, asks first what kind of person one should be. Right action is what a person of good character, the virtuous person, would do, so character comes before action.
The ethics of care stresses relationships and responsiveness to particular others rather than character traits as such. Meta-ethics studies the meaning and status of moral terms and takes no stand on character versus action. 'Traditional ethics' in this context means the act-centred theories, deontology and utilitarianism, which judge actions first.
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