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Wine turning to vinegar is the work of

  • A.Zygosaccharomyces species tolerating the high sugar
  • B.Acetobacter species oxidising ethanol to acetic acid
  • C.Saccharomyces species fermenting the residual sugar
  • D.Oenococcus species decarboxylating the malic acid

Answer: B

Acetic acid bacteria oxidise the ethanol of the wine to acetic acid, and because they require oxygen the defect appears where wine meets air: in a partly empty vessel or a poorly sealed bottle. Keeping vessels full is the classical precaution.

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