Discussion
The doldrums, a belt of light and variable winds near the equator, is more formally called the
Answer: A
Correct answer: Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone
The doldrums are the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone, the belt near the equator where the northeast and southeast trade winds meet. Because the air there is converging and rising rather than blowing horizontally, surface winds are light and fitful - which is why sailing ships could be becalmed for weeks, and where the word doldrums in its ordinary sense comes from. The rising air produces heavy convectional rainfall and thunderstorms almost daily, and it is the reason equatorial regions are so wet. The zone migrates north and south with the overhead Sun, and its seasonal march is what brings the monsoon to India and the wet season to the Sahel. The horse latitudes are the calm belts near 30°, where air descends instead, producing the great deserts. The Roaring Forties are the strong westerlies of the southern ocean, and the polar front is where cold polar air meets warmer mid-latitude air.
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