Discussion
Which of the following best describes urbanisation?
Answer: B
Correct answer: The increasing share of a population living in towns and cities
Urbanisation is the rising proportion of a population living in urban areas. The proportion is the point: a country whose cities and villages grow at the same rate is not urbanising, however fast its cities expand. It is driven by migration from the countryside, by natural increase within cities, and by the reclassification of settlements as they cross the threshold of urban status. The pull is usually employment, education and services; the push is often agricultural distress. The world passed the halfway mark around 2007, and India is around 35 per cent urban and rising. Rapid urbanisation strains housing, water and transport, which is why the growth of informal settlements typically outpaces planning. The movement of people between countries is migration, a distinct process.
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