Discussion
The seasons on Earth are caused chiefly by
Answer: A
Correct answer: The tilt of the Earth’s axis
Seasons arise from the 23.5° tilt of the Earth’s axis. As the planet orbits, the tilt stays pointed in a fixed direction in space, so each hemisphere leans towards the Sun for part of the year and away from it for the rest. Leaning towards the Sun brings two effects together: the Sun stands higher in the sky, so its energy falls on a smaller area and heats it more intensely, and the days are longer, so that heating lasts longer. The common belief that distance causes the seasons is demonstrably wrong. The Earth is in fact closest to the Sun in early January, during the northern winter, and the variation is only about 3 per cent. The decisive evidence is that the two hemispheres have opposite seasons at the same moment - which distance alone could never produce. It is also why the tropics, where the Sun is always high, have wet and dry seasons rather than warm and cold ones.
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