Discussion
Which contrast agent is commonly used for imaging the gastrointestinal tract ?
Answer: B
The contrast agent is barium, given as barium sulphate.
Barium has a high atomic number, so it absorbs X-rays strongly and outlines the lumen of the gut. Barium sulphate is almost insoluble and is not absorbed from the gut, so it can be swallowed (barium swallow and meal) or given as an enema with little toxicity.
Iodinated contrast is mainly used for blood vessels and the urinary tract, and water-soluble iodine agents are used in the gut only when a perforation is suspected. Gadolinium is an MRI contrast agent. Saline has no X-ray contrast.
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