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Z-transform of x (-n) is :

  • A.X (Z)
  • B.\(X(Z^{-2})\)
  • C.X (n)
  • D.\(X(Z^{-1})\)

Answer: D

The Z-transform of \(x(-n)\) is \(X(Z^{-1})\).

By definition \(X(z) = \sum_{n} x(n) z^{-n}\). For the time-reversed sequence, substitute \(m = -n\):

\[ \begin{aligned} \sum_{n} x(-n) z^{-n} &= \sum_{m} x(m) (z^{-1})^{-m} \\ &= X(z^{-1}) \end{aligned} \]

Time reversal therefore replaces \(z\) by \(1/z\), and the region of convergence is inverted too. X(Z) is the transform of the original sequence, \(X(Z^{-2})\) would correspond to reversal combined with up-sampling by 2, and X(n) mixes the time and transform domains.

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