Probability
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Probability
Quantitative Aptitude - Probability
Study of chance: predicting how likely an event is to occur.
1. Basic Concept
\( P(E) = \frac{\text{Number of favorable outcomes}}{\text{Total number of outcomes}} \)
2. Types of Events
- Independent events: One doesn’t affect the other.
- Dependent events: Outcome affects next.
- Mutually exclusive: Only one can happen at a time.
3. Key Rules
- \( P(A') = 1 - P(A) \)
- If A and B are independent: \( P(A \cap B) = P(A) \cdot P(B) \)
- If A and B are mutually exclusive: \( P(A \cup B) = P(A) + P(B) \)
4. Examples
- Probability of drawing ace from a pack: \( P = \frac{4}{52} = \frac{1}{13} \)
- Probability of getting head on a coin toss: \( \frac{1}{2} \)
5. Tips for Exams
- Always list all outcomes for clarity.
- Check whether events are independent or mutually exclusive.
6. Mistakes to Avoid
- Counting overlapping outcomes multiple times.
- Confusing 'and' with 'or' scenarios.
Topics
- Number System
- H.C.F. & L.C.M.
- Decimal Fractions
- Simplification
- Square Roots & Cube Roots
- Average
- Problems on Numbers
- Problems on Ages
- Surds & Indices
- Percentage
- Operations on Numbers
- Profit & Loss
- Ratio & Proportion
- Partnership
- Chain Rule
- Time & Work
- Pipes & Cistern
- Time & Distance
- Problems on Trains
- Boats & Streams
- Alligation or Mixture
- Simple Interest
- Compound Interest
- Logarithms
- Area
- Volume & Surface Areas
- Mensuration
- Races & Games of Skill
- Calendar
- Clocks
- Stocks & Shares
- Permutations & Combinations
- Probability
- True Discount
- Banker’s Discount
- Heights & Distances
- Odd Man Out & Series
- Algebra
- Divisibility Rules & Remainder Theorem
- Factorials & Power Cycles
- Progressions (A.P., G.P., H.P.)
- Work & Wages
- Set Theory / Venn Diagrams
- Geometry (Lines, Angles, Triangles, Polygons)
- Coordinate Geometry
- Data Interpretation
- Trigonometry
- Statistics (Mean, Median, Mode)
- Arithmetic Operations
- Quadratic Equations
Other Subjects
- Quantitative Aptitude
- Reasoning
- Microbiology
- Human Anatomy and Physiology
- Fundamentals of Nursing
- Medical-Surgical Nursing
- Community Health Nursing
- Child Health Nursing
- Midwifery and Obstetrical Nursing
- Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing
- Pharmacology
- Nutrition and Dietetics
- Nursing Management and Administration
- First Aid and Emergency Nursing
- General Awareness / General Knowledge (GK)