Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : B

Dhurrin is found in sorghum.

Dhurrin is a cyanogenic glycoside present in sorghum, especially in young plants and new growth after drought. When the plant is chewed, enzymes release hydrocyanic acid (prussic acid), which can poison cattle fed young or stressed sorghum.

Lucerne and maize are not sources of dhurrin, and castor's toxin is the protein ricin, not a cyanogenic glycoside.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : A

The cow that is not a milch breed is Dangi.

Dangi, from the hilly, high-rainfall Dang region of Gujarat and Maharashtra, is a draught breed, valued for hard work in rice fields and heavy rain.

Gir, Sahiwal and Red Sindhi are India's well-known milch breeds of cattle, kept mainly for milk.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : C

The correct matching is a-III, b-I, c-IV, d-II.

• Jamunapari (a): Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, III.
• Changthangi (b): the Changthang plateau of Ladakh, I, a pashmina goat.
• Berari (c): the Berar region of Maharashtra, IV.
• Marwari (d): the Marwar region of Rajasthan, II.

Option A sends Changthangi to Rajasthan and Marwari to Ladakh, and options B and D misplace the Jamunapari.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : D

The largest goat breed in India is the Jamunapari.

The Jamunapari, from the Etawah region of Uttar Pradesh between the Yamuna and Chambal rivers, is the tallest and heaviest Indian goat. It is recognised by its long, pendulous ears, Roman nose and the long hair on its hindquarters, and is a dual-purpose milk and meat breed.

The Sirohi and Marwari are medium-sized goats of Rajasthan, and the Barbari is a small breed suited to stall feeding.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : B

The meat of goat is called chevon.

Chevon comes from the French chevre, goat. It is lean meat widely eaten in India, often sold as mutton.

Pork is the meat of pigs, venison the meat of deer, and carabeef the meat of buffalo, a major Indian meat export.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : D

The water content of a newborn animal is about 750 - 800 g/kg.

Water is the largest component of the body. A newborn animal is about 75-80% water, which is 750-800 g per kg of body weight, and the proportion falls as the animal grows and lays down fat, to about 50-60% in an adult.

50-100, 150-200 and 250-300 g/kg would mean only 5-30% water, far too little for any living animal.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : C

The vaccine made from bacteria is a bacterin.

A bacterin is a vaccine prepared from whole bacteria that have been killed (inactivated), usually with an adjuvant. Haemorrhagic septicaemia and black quarter vaccines used in Indian cattle are examples.

The Salk vaccine is an inactivated polio virus vaccine, the hepatitis B vaccine is a recombinant viral protein, and mRNA vaccines carry genetic instructions for a viral protein; none of them is made from bacteria.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : D

The vaccine is given to female calves aged 4 to 8 months.

The live attenuated Brucella abortus strain 19 vaccine (printed in the paper as '51g', a misprint of S19) is given once to heifer calves between 4 and 8 months of age, the age set by India's national brucellosis control programme. It protects them against brucellosis abortion in later life.

It is not given to male calves or bulls, in which the live strain can cause orchitis, nor to adult and pregnant cows, in which it can cause abortion and persistent antibody titres that confuse testing.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : A

Pyrethrins are used in the ear to clear mite infestations.

Pyrethrins, natural insecticides from chrysanthemum flowers, act on the nerves of insects and mites. Ear drops containing pyrethrins, usually with piperonyl butoxide, are used to kill ear mites (Otodectes cynotis) in dogs and cats.

Fungal ear infections need antifungals such as clotrimazole or miconazole, viral infections are not treated with ear drops, and inflammation is reduced with corticosteroids. Pyrethrins do none of these.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : B

Docking is performed on the tail.

Docking is the surgical removal of part of the tail. It is done to treat tail injuries, gangrene and tumours of the tail, and in lambs to prevent faecal soiling and fly strike.

Removal of a limb is amputation, removal of the eyeball is enucleation, and surgery of the mouth has its own names; none of these is called docking.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : A

The material that is not non-absorbable is polydioxanone.

Polydioxanone (PDS) is a synthetic absorbable suture, broken down slowly by hydrolysis over several months, used where long wound support is needed.

Silk, nylon and polypropylene are non-absorbable sutures, which stay in the tissue or are removed after healing, so they are the ones that fit the description 'non-absorbable'.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : C

An emasculator is used in castration.

An emasculator is a surgical instrument that crushes and cuts the spermatic cord at the same time; the crushing seals the blood vessels and limits bleeding. It is used in open castration, especially of horses.

Tracheotomy is opening the windpipe, ovariectomy is removal of the ovaries, and enterectomy is removal of part of the intestine; none uses an emasculator.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : C

The deworming drug is fenbendazole.

Fenbendazole is a benzimidazole anthelmintic. It binds the tubulin of parasitic worms, blocking their energy metabolism, and is used against roundworms, hookworms, some tapeworms and lungworms in cattle, sheep, goats, horses and dogs.

Tetracycline, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin are antibiotics that act on bacteria; they have no useful effect on worms.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : B

Emergency release of rumen gas is done with a trocar and cannula.

In acute bloat the distended rumen can press on the diaphragm and kill the animal quickly. A trocar (a sharp-pointed stylet) inside a cannula is driven into the rumen through the left paralumbar fossa; the trocar is withdrawn and the cannula left in place so that gas and frothy contents can escape at once.

Fluid and electrolyte therapy, magnesium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate are supporting treatments that correct dehydration or acidity, but they do not release gas from the rumen in an emergency.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : D

Difficult or prolonged labour is called dystocia.

Dystocia (Greek dys, difficult, and tokos, birth) may be caused by an oversized foetus, abnormal presentation or posture, a narrow birth canal or weak uterine contractions, and often needs assistance or caesarean section.

Teratology is the study of birth defects, superfetation is a second conception during pregnancy, and a cryptorchid is a male whose testes have not descended into the scrotum.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : A

The animal without a diffuse placenta is the cow.

Placentas are classified by how the chorionic villi are spread. Ruminants such as the cow have a cotyledonary placenta: the villi are grouped into separate cotyledons that join the caruncles of the uterus to form placentomes.

The horse, donkey and pig have a diffuse placenta, with villi spread over almost the whole surface of the chorion.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : B

The method that does not improve buffalo breeds is random breeding.

Breed improvement needs deliberate choice of parents. Selective breeding mates the best animals; grading up uses bulls of a superior breed such as Murrah on local buffaloes over several generations; and cross breeding combines the merits of two breeds.

Random breeding, letting any male mate any female without selection, makes no directed genetic progress, so it is not an improvement method.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : D

Parturition in pigs is called farrowing.

Each species has its own term for giving birth, and in the sow it is farrowing; the sow is moved to a farrowing pen shortly before.

Whelping is giving birth in dogs, kidding in goats, and lambing in sheep. Calving and foaling are the terms for cattle and horses.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : C

The gestation period of sheep is 142-152 days.

Ewes carry their lambs for about five months, on average about 147 days, with small differences between breeds. Goats have a very similar gestation of about 150 days.

281-290 days is the gestation of the cow and 295-310 days that of the buffalo, while 60-65 days is that of the dog (and the cat). None of these is the sheep's.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : A

They are called primary follicles.

From birth the ovary holds a large reserve of tiny follicles, each an oocyte surrounded by a layer of follicular cells, numbering in the thousands. In each cycle a few grow, and usually only one (in the cow) develops into a mature Graafian follicle and ovulates.

Graafian follicles are the few mature follicles at the end of that growth, not thousands of tiny structures. The corpus luteum forms from a follicle after ovulation, and embryos develop in the uterus, not the ovary.