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- Total number of questions : 20
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Building Materials and Construction [ Question No: 1 To 20 ] :
In ordinary residential and public buildings, the D.P.C. is generally provided at :
The timber preservative 'creosote' belongs to the group of:
A foundation is considered as shallow if its depth is ________.
Why are bricks soaked in water before using in brick masonary?
The process of adding water to quicklime in order to convert into hydrated lime is known as:
Quartzite is a :
If a dolomite mineral contains only Magnesium Carbonate and Calcium Carbonate then what could be approximate composition of these in the minerals ?
Which one of the following kilns is not a continuous kiln ?
Mohs scale is used for stones to determine:
The most important purpose of frog in a brick is to:
According to IS:3629-1986, the trade names and the botanical names of trees are given as options. Select the correct option in which the timbers of these trees are used for permanent structures.
The following statements pertain to the roof truss.
1. In the case of a queen-post truss, the tie beam will be under tension while the straining beam and struts are under compression.
2. Due to the triangular structure of the King-post truss, the members are either under tension or compression.
Validate the statements as correct/incorrect and choose the correct answer.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of natural lime over modern cement?
What form of burnt bricks are used to construct octagonal pillars?
The correct sequence of the manufacturing process of fire bricks is ______.
Select the Indian standard code which provides guidelines for testing and determination of the compressive strength of natural building stones.
Select the INCORRECT statement related to terminologies with its definition used in Arch construction.
Identify the type of arch shown in the figure below.
The wooden plank or slab of concrete or stone usually provided at the bottom of an entrance door is called:
Which of the following statements regarding collapsible doors is INCORRECT?
Total number of questions : 20
Number of answered questions : 0
Number of unanswered questions : 20
Building Materials and Construction [ Question No: 1 To 20 ] :
In ordinary residential and public buildings, the D.P.C. is generally provided at :
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : C
The D.P.C. is generally provided at plinth level.
A damp proof course is a layer of impervious material laid across the full thickness of the walls to stop ground moisture rising by capillary action. In ordinary buildings it is laid at plinth level, the top of the plinth, usually about 150 mm above the outside ground, so that splashing rain and ground moisture are kept below the floor.
At ground level it would be wetted by surface water and splashing. The water table is below the foundations in most buildings, so a D.P.C. there, or midway down, would leave the walls above it exposed to rising damp.
The timber preservative 'creosote' belongs to the group of:
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : B
Creosote belongs to the tar oil types.
Creosote oil is obtained by distilling coal tar. It is an oily, water-insoluble preservative that is very toxic to fungi and insects, and is widely used for railway sleepers, poles and piles, though its smell and dark colour make it unsuitable for painted interior work.
Water-soluble salts are preservatives such as ASCU (copper-chrome-arsenic) and zinc chloride. Organic solvent types carry chemicals such as pentachlorophenol in a light solvent. 'Inorganic solvent type' is not a standard class.
A foundation is considered as shallow if its depth is ________.
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : D
A foundation is shallow if its depth is equal to or less than its width.
By Terzaghi's definition, a foundation is shallow when its depth below ground (D) does not exceed its width (B), that is D/B ≤ 1. Isolated footings, combined footings and rafts are usually shallow.
A depth greater than the width marks a deep foundation such as a pile or well. Fixed limits of 1 m are not the definition, since the classification depends on the ratio of depth to width, not on depth alone.
Why are bricks soaked in water before using in brick masonary?
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : B
Bricks are soaked for preventing depletion of moisture from cement mortar.
Dry bricks are porous and would suck water out of fresh mortar, leaving too little for the cement to hydrate. The mortar would then be weak and bond poorly to the bricks. Soaking satisfies the bricks' absorption first.
Soaking may wash off dust, but that is not its purpose. It does not reduce air voids, and wetting bricks can bring soluble salts to the surface, so it does not reduce efflorescence.
The process of adding water to quicklime in order to convert into hydrated lime is known as:
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : C
Adding water to quicklime is called Slaking.
Quicklime (calcium oxide) reacts with water, with much heat and swelling, to form slaked or hydrated lime: CaO + H2O gives Ca(OH)2.
Calcination is the earlier step of burning limestone to drive off carbon dioxide and form quicklime. 'Hydration' is the chemical name of the reaction but not the term used for the process, and quenching means rapid cooling of hot metal.
Quartzite is a :
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : B
Quartzite is a metamorphic rock.
Quartzite forms when sandstone is metamorphosed by heat and pressure: its quartz grains recrystallise and fuse into a hard, dense rock that breaks through the grains rather than around them. In the geological classification by origin it is therefore a metamorphic rock, which is the classification the key uses.
Quartzite is also siliceous in composition, being almost pure silica, so D describes its chemistry; the question expects the classification by origin. It is not calcareous, which means rich in calcium carbonate like limestone and marble, nor argillaceous, which means clayey like slate and shale.
If a dolomite mineral contains only Magnesium Carbonate and Calcium Carbonate then what could be approximate composition of these in the minerals ?
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : B
The composition is about MgCO3 46%, CaCO3 54%.
Dolomite is \(\text{CaMg(CO}_3\text{)}_2\), one molecule each of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate. Their molar masses are about 100.1 and 84.3 g:
\[ \begin{aligned} \text{CaCO}_3 &= \frac{100.1}{184.4} \approx 54\% \\ \text{MgCO}_3 &= \frac{84.3}{184.4} \approx 46\% \end{aligned} \]
50% each assumes equal masses rather than equal numbers of molecules. 54% MgCO3 swaps the two figures, and 48% and 52% do not follow from the formula.
Which one of the following kilns is not a continuous kiln ?
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : A
The kiln that is not continuous is the intermittent kiln.
An intermittent kiln is loaded with raw bricks, fired, allowed to cool and then unloaded, one batch at a time, so the fire goes out between burnings and much heat is wasted.
Bull's trench kiln and Hoffman's kiln are continuous: their chambers are worked in rotation, with loading, burning, cooling and unloading going on at the same time in different sections while the fire travels round. A tunnel kiln is continuous too, with the bricks carried through a fixed fire zone on trolleys.
Mohs scale is used for stones to determine:
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : C
The Mohs scale determines Hardness.
The Mohs scale ranks minerals from 1 to 10 by scratch resistance: talc (1), gypsum, calcite, fluorite, apatite, orthoclase, quartz, topaz, corundum and diamond (10). A stone's hardness is found by seeing which reference minerals it scratches and which scratch it, and it governs how well the stone resists wear, for example in flooring.
Strength is found by a crushing test, durability by weathering or soundness tests, and the flakiness index is a shape test for aggregates.
The most important purpose of frog in a brick is to:
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : B
The main purpose of a frog is to form a keyed joint between brick and mortar.
The frog is the shallow depression on the top face of a brick. When the brick is laid with the frog upward, mortar fills it and forms a key that locks the brick to the layer above and resists sliding.
It also reduces the weight of the brick slightly and carries the maker's mark, but these are side effects. It does not improve appearance, since it is hidden in the wall, and it is not a hollow that improves insulation.
According to IS:3629-1986, the trade names and the botanical names of trees are given as options. Select the correct option in which the timbers of these trees are used for permanent structures.
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : D
IS 3629-1986 groups the structural timbers by their suitability. The fourth option lists deodar, teak, Indian rosewood and sal, the group of timbers recommended for permanent structures, since they are strong, durable and resistant to decay. The other options include casuarina, kasod, satinwood and ebony, which are not in this list of timbers for permanent structures, and so mix in species that suit other uses.
The following statements pertain to the roof truss.
1. In the case of a queen-post truss, the tie beam will be under tension while the straining beam and struts are under compression.
2. Due to the triangular structure of the King-post truss, the members are either under tension or compression.
Validate the statements as correct/incorrect and choose the correct answer.
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : C
Both statements are correct. In a queen-post truss the tie beam at the bottom is in tension, since it holds the feet of the principal rafters together, while the straining beam, which joins the tops of the queen posts, and the struts carry compression. In a king-post truss, which is a simple triangulated frame, each member is either in tension (the tie beam and the king post) or in compression (the principal rafters and the struts), and no member is under bending when the loads act at the joints.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of natural lime over modern cement?
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : B
A disadvantage of natural lime compared with modern cement is its lower compressive strength. Lime mortar and concrete gain strength slowly by carbonation and stay weaker than cement-based ones. Eco-friendliness, cost-effectiveness and self-healing (lime can reseal small cracks by recarbonation) are listed as advantages of lime, not drawbacks.
What form of burnt bricks are used to construct octagonal pillars?
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : B
Double cant bricks have two splayed (angled) faces, so that they can be laid to turn the line of masonry through an angle. They are therefore used to construct octagonal pillars, whose sides meet at 135 degrees. King closer bricks are cut diagonally to fill the gap near a corner, bullnose bricks have a rounded edge for a quoin, and compass bricks have one curved face for circular walls and not for straight-sided pillars.
The correct sequence of the manufacturing process of fire bricks is ______.
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : B
The stages in making fire bricks are unsoiling (removing the top soil), digging the clay, weathering it in heaps for some months, blending the clay with other materials and finally tempering it with water to the right consistency before moulding. The sequence Unsoiling, Digging, Weathering, Blending, Tempering is therefore the right one. The others put tempering or digging before weathering, or blending after the clay has been tempered, which reverses the order of the process.
Select the Indian standard code which provides guidelines for testing and determination of the compressive strength of natural building stones.
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : A
IS 1121 (Part 1): 2013 is the part of the Indian Standard on methods of test for determination of strength properties of natural building stones that covers the compressive strength. The other parts of IS 1121 cover other strength properties: Part 2 the transverse strength, Part 3 the tensile strength and Part 4 the shear strength. So only Part 1 is the code for compressive strength.
Select the INCORRECT statement related to terminologies with its definition used in Arch construction.
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : C
The incorrect statement is the one about the soffit. The soffit of an arch is the inner (under) surface of the arch, the curved surface seen from below, and it is not the lower half of the arch between the crown and skewback. The other statements are right: voussoirs are the wedge-shaped units that make up the courses of an arch, an arcade is a row of arches on piers carrying a wall, and the spandril is the roughly triangular space between the extrados and the horizontal line drawn through the crown.
Identify the type of arch shown in the figure below.
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : C
The figure shows a Gothic arch, a pointed arch whose two curves meet at an apex. The dashed lines show the two centres at the springing level and the curves drawn from them, which give the pointed shape. A flat arch has a horizontal soffit, a relieving arch is built over a lintel to relieve it of the load above, and a corbel arch is formed by projecting courses of masonry stepped inward, so none of these has the pointed curved form shown here.
The wooden plank or slab of concrete or stone usually provided at the bottom of an entrance door is called:
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : C
The wooden plank or slab of concrete or stone usually laid at the bottom of an entrance doorway is called the threshold, which forms the base of the door opening. A shutter is the movable leaf of the door, the door frame is the fixed assembly of posts and horizontal members that holds the shutter, and the reveal is the vertical side surface of the wall opening, left exposed where the frame is set back. None of those is the member laid at the bottom.
Which of the following statements regarding collapsible doors is INCORRECT?
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : B
It is incorrect that collapsible doors revolve about a pivoted point. Revolving doors rotate about a central pivot, but a collapsible door is made of steel strips or channels joined in a lattice so that it folds or collapses sideways, like a concertina, and slides in a track. The other three statements fit: the open lattice gives no privacy to a room, the gaps let air-conditioned air escape so they are not suitable for air-conditioned halls, and they are used as an entry and exit gate for shops and garages.
Marks
Total number of questions : 20
Number of answered questions : 0
Number of unanswered questions : 20