Instruction
- Total number of questions : 20
- Time allotted : 30:00 Minutes:Seconds.
- Each question carry 1 mark, no negative marks.
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- All the best
Community Health Nursing [ Question No: 1 To 20 ] :
Norplant is an example of:
'MAA' programme focuses on -
Identify the objectives of the School Health Services from the following:
1. Ensuring education of handicapped children at home.
2. Improving the general nutrition of the child.
3. Preventing diseases, especially infections.
4. Early diagnosis and treatment of various conditions.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Tuberculosis is caused by the ______ .
Malaria is a ______ disease transmitted to man by infected ______ .
Cholera, an acute diarrhoeal disease is caused by _______.
Components of epidemiological triad are :
Full form of SARS is :
Match List I with List II:
| List I | List II |
|---|---|
| a. Regular surveillance | I. HIV |
| b. Sentinel surveillance | II. Hypertension |
| c. Regular periodic surveys | III. Polio |
| d. Regular surveillance of disease under eradication | IV. Tuberculosis |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
The National Rural Health Mission was launched in which year?
Under NHM which tablet is given to manage anemia?
Match the Columns :
| Column-I | Column-II |
|---|---|
| a. AIDS Task Force setup by ICMR | 1. 2006 |
| b. Antiretroviral treatment initiated | 2. 1986 |
| c. National Policy on Pediatric ART formulated | 3. 2017 |
| d. National strategic plan for HIV/AIDS | 4. 2004 |
Choose the most appropriate option from below :
Which of the following is/are NOT a part of integrated vector management for the malaria elimination framework?
1. Indoor residual spray
2. Case based surveillance and rapid response
3. Long lasting insecticidal nets
4. Larval source management
Choose the most appropriate answer from the option given below:
Microcellular rubber footwear is provided for protection of insensitive feet as one of the major initiatives for which disease?
Which of these are not components of health care system of India? (Choose the most appropriate option from below)
When was the first Health and Wellness Centre under Ayushman Bharat inaugurated?
Choose the true statement about Urban Health Care facilities:
Avoidance of unnecessary antibiotics and unnecessary screening for the disease are the examples of:
A phase between the state of perfect health and the point where actual pathological processes of the disease starts is called the phase of:
In phenylketonuria, according to the epidemiological wheel theory the major role is played by:
Total number of questions : 20
Number of answered questions : 0
Number of unanswered questions : 20
Community Health Nursing [ Question No: 1 To 20 ] :
Norplant is an example of:
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : A
Norplant is a subdermal implant.
Norplant consists of six thin, flexible capsules containing the progestin levonorgestrel. They are placed just under the skin (subdermal) of the upper arm and release the hormone slowly, preventing pregnancy for up to five years. Fertility returns soon after removal.
Injectable contraceptives such as DMPA are given as injections, not implanted. Vaginal rings are vaginal devices, and oral contraceptives are pills taken by mouth.
'MAA' programme focuses on -
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : C
The MAA programme focuses on the promotion of optimum infant and young child feeding.
MAA, Mothers' Absolute Affection, was launched by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in 2016 to promote breastfeeding: early initiation within an hour of birth, exclusive breastfeeding for six months, and continued breastfeeding with complementary feeding.
Quality care in the labour room is the aim of the LaQshya programme. Antenatal care quality is addressed by schemes such as the Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan, and immunization services by the Universal Immunization Programme and Mission Indradhanush.
Identify the objectives of the School Health Services from the following:
1. Ensuring education of handicapped children at home.
2. Improving the general nutrition of the child.
3. Preventing diseases, especially infections.
4. Early diagnosis and treatment of various conditions.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : B
The objectives are 2, 3 and 4.
School health services aim to promote positive health, improve the nutrition of schoolchildren (for example through mid-day meals), prevent diseases, especially infections, through immunization and hygiene, and provide early diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of defects and illnesses through regular medical examinations.
Education of handicapped children at home is not an objective of the school health service, which works through the school. So the options containing 1 are wrong, and '3 and 4' leaves out nutrition.
Tuberculosis is caused by the ______ .
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : A
Tuberculosis is caused by bacteria.
The cause is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slender, rod-shaped, acid-fast bacillus discovered by Robert Koch in 1882. It spreads through droplets when a patient coughs or sneezes, and is treated with a combination of antibiotics.
Fungi and moulds cause infections such as ringworm and aspergillosis, and viruses cause diseases such as measles and influenza. None of them causes tuberculosis.
Malaria is a ______ disease transmitted to man by infected ______ .
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : B
Malaria is a protozoal disease transmitted by the infected female anopheline mosquito.
Malaria is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium, such as P. vivax and P. falciparum. Only the female Anopheles mosquito bites to feed on blood, and in doing so it injects the parasite into the human.
Malaria is not a bacterial disease. Plasmodium falciparum is the parasite that causes the disease, not the vector that carries it to man, so the options naming it as the transmitter are wrong.
Cholera, an acute diarrhoeal disease is caused by _______.
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : A
Cholera is caused by Vibrio cholerae.
This comma-shaped bacterium spreads through water or food contaminated with faeces. Its toxin makes the intestine pour out water and salts, producing profuse 'rice-water' stools and rapid dehydration, which is why oral rehydration is the mainstay of treatment.
The other species belong to the same genus but cause different illnesses: V. parahaemolyticus and V. fluvialis cause seafood-associated gastroenteritis, and V. vulnificus causes wound infections and blood poisoning, but none of them causes cholera.
Components of epidemiological triad are :
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : C
The epidemiological triad is Agent, Host, Environment.
Disease is explained as the result of interaction between an agent (such as a microbe or a chemical), a susceptible host (the person, with age, immunity and behaviour), and the environment that brings them together.
Air, water, soil and temperature are parts of the environment, not separate components of the triad, so options listing them in place of agent or host are wrong.
Full form of SARS is :
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : D
SARS stands for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.
SARS is a viral respiratory illness caused by the SARS coronavirus, which spread to many countries in 2002-2003. It causes fever, cough and pneumonia, and is spread mainly by respiratory droplets.
It is a respiratory disease, not a renal one, which rules out both 'renal' options, and it is acute and severe rather than 'sub acute'.
Match List I with List II:
| List I | List II |
|---|---|
| a. Regular surveillance | I. HIV |
| b. Sentinel surveillance | II. Hypertension |
| c. Regular periodic surveys | III. Polio |
| d. Regular surveillance of disease under eradication | IV. Tuberculosis |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : D
The correct match is a-IV, b-I, c-II, d-III.
- Tuberculosis is tracked by regular, routine surveillance through case notification (Nikshay).
- HIV is tracked by sentinel surveillance at selected antenatal and high-risk group sites.
- Hypertension, a non-communicable condition, is measured through regular periodic surveys such as the National Family Health Survey.
- Polio, a disease under eradication, needs regular surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis cases.
The other options misplace HIV or polio, so they do not fit these surveillance methods.
The National Rural Health Mission was launched in which year?
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : B
The National Rural Health Mission was launched in 2005.
The Prime Minister launched NRHM on 12 April 2005, for an initial period of 2005-2012, to strengthen rural health care with a special focus on 18 states with weak health indicators. Its key features included the ASHA community health worker and the Janani Suraksha Yojana.
2000 is before the mission was planned. 2010 falls within its first phase, and 2015 is after it had become part of the National Health Mission in 2013.
Under NHM which tablet is given to manage anemia?
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : A
The tablet is I.F.A., iron and folic acid.
Under the National Health Mission, iron and folic acid supplements are given to pregnant and lactating women, adolescents and children to prevent and treat iron-deficiency anaemia, which is now delivered through the Anaemia Mukt Bharat strategy.
Iodine is used against goitre and other iodine-deficiency disorders, not anaemia. The I-pill is an emergency contraceptive. Chlorine tablets are used to disinfect drinking water.
Match the Columns :
| Column-I | Column-II |
|---|---|
| a. AIDS Task Force setup by ICMR | 1. 2006 |
| b. Antiretroviral treatment initiated | 2. 1986 |
| c. National Policy on Pediatric ART formulated | 3. 2017 |
| d. National strategic plan for HIV/AIDS | 4. 2004 |
Choose the most appropriate option from below :
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : A
The correct matching is a-2, b-4, c-1, d-3.
ICMR set up an AIDS Task Force in 1986, the year India's first HIV cases were detected (a-2). Free antiretroviral treatment began in 2004 (b-4). The paediatric ART initiative followed in 2006 (c-1). The current National Strategic Plan for HIV/AIDS covers 2017 to 2024 (d-3).
Every other option breaks at least one of these pairs; for example, matching the task force to 2006 would place it twenty years after the first case.
Which of the following is/are NOT a part of integrated vector management for the malaria elimination framework?
1. Indoor residual spray
2. Case based surveillance and rapid response
3. Long lasting insecticidal nets
4. Larval source management
Choose the most appropriate answer from the option given below:
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : B
The one that is not part of integrated vector management is 2 only: case based surveillance and rapid response.
Integrated vector management controls mosquitoes using several methods together: indoor residual spraying, long-lasting insecticidal nets, larval source management (removing breeding sites, larvicides and biological control) and community participation.
Case-based surveillance and rapid response is a key part of the malaria elimination framework, but it deals with detecting and responding to human cases, not with controlling the vector. So it is the one item that does not belong.
Microcellular rubber footwear is provided for protection of insensitive feet as one of the major initiatives for which disease?
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : C
The initiative is for Leprosy.
Leprosy damages peripheral nerves, so many patients lose sensation in the soles. Unnoticed injuries then turn into ulcers and deformities. Under the National Leprosy Eradication Programme, patients with insensitive feet are given microcellular rubber (MCR) footwear, which is soft and cushioning and spreads pressure, as part of disability prevention and medical rehabilitation.
Polio causes paralysis but sensation is preserved. Accident victims and epilepsy are not conditions in which insensitive feet are the problem addressed by this programme.
Which of these are not components of health care system of India? (Choose the most appropriate option from below)
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : D
The item that is not a component is Involuntary health agencies.
The health care system of India is described as having five components: the public health sector, the private sector, the indigenous systems of medicine (AYUSH), voluntary health agencies, and the national health programmes.
The first three options name these components. 'Involuntary health agencies' is a made-up opposite of voluntary agencies and is not part of the system.
When was the first Health and Wellness Centre under Ayushman Bharat inaugurated?
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : B
The first centre was inaugurated in April, 2018.
The Prime Minister inaugurated the first Health and Wellness Centre under Ayushman Bharat on 14 April 2018 at Jangla in Bijapur district, Chhattisgarh. These centres upgrade sub-centres and primary health centres to provide comprehensive primary health care.
Ayushman Bharat itself was announced in the Union Budget of February 2018, which makes February a common trap, and its insurance arm, PM-JAY, was launched in September 2018. Neither October nor December 2018 is the date.
Choose the true statement about Urban Health Care facilities:
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : C
The true statement is 1 ANM for every 10,000 population.
Under the National Urban Health Mission, an urban primary health centre (U-PHC) serves about 50,000 people, and the outreach norm is one ANM for roughly every 10,000 urban population, supported by ASHAs and Mahila Arogya Samitis in slums.
One U-PHC per 1,00,000 is double the norm. U-PHCs do run outpatient (OPD) services, mainly in the afternoon and evening to suit working people, and they generally do not provide in-patient care; that is the role of the urban community health centre. So the other three statements are false.
Avoidance of unnecessary antibiotics and unnecessary screening for the disease are the examples of:
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : B
These are examples of Quaternary prevention.
Quaternary prevention protects patients from overmedicalisation: unnecessary tests, screening, drugs and procedures that may cause harm without benefit. Avoiding needless antibiotics and needless screening fits this definition.
Primordial prevention stops risk factors from arising in a population, secondary prevention is early diagnosis and treatment, often through screening, and tertiary prevention limits disability and rehabilitates. None of them describes avoiding unnecessary intervention.
A phase between the state of perfect health and the point where actual pathological processes of the disease starts is called the phase of:
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : D
The phase is pre-pathogenesis.
In the natural history of disease, the period of pre-pathogenesis is the time before the disease process has started in the person: the agent, host and environment are interacting and risk factors are present, but no pathological change has yet begun. Primary prevention, through health promotion and specific protection, acts in this phase.
Pathogenesis is the phase after the disease process starts in the host, ending in recovery, disability or death. 'Post pathogenesis' is not a phase of the natural history. Primordial prevention is a level of prevention, aimed at stopping risk factors from arising at all, not a phase of disease.
In phenylketonuria, according to the epidemiological wheel theory the major role is played by:
Your Answer : (Not Answered)
Correct Answer : C
The major role is played by genetic factors.
The wheel model of disease causation draws the host as a hub with a genetic core, surrounded by the biological, physical and social environment. The relative size of each part changes with the disease. In a hereditary condition such as phenylketonuria, an inborn error of metabolism caused by a recessive defect in the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase, the genetic core is the largest part of the wheel.
Diet matters only because phenylalanine in food accumulates when the enzyme is missing, which is why a low-phenylalanine diet controls the disease; but diet is not the cause. Environmental factors alone do not produce PKU, so the options naming them, or diet as a co-equal cause, are weaker than genetic factors.
Marks
Total number of questions : 20
Number of answered questions : 0
Number of unanswered questions : 20