Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : B

The capacity is pressure of water supplied by pump × volume of accumulator.

An accumulator stores energy by lifting a loaded ram. The energy stored is the pressure times the ram area times the stroke, and area times stroke is the accumulator's volume.

\[ \text{capacity} = p \times A \times L = p \times V \]

Pressure times area alone is a force, not energy, and pressure times stroke has the wrong units. Dividing by area makes no physical sense.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : D

The device is the hydraulic intensifier.

A hydraulic intensifier uses a large volume of water at low pressure acting on a large ram to drive a smaller ram, delivering a smaller volume of water at much higher pressure. It is used where machines such as presses need pressures higher than the supply provides.

A hydraulic accumulator stores pressure energy, a hydraulic ram uses the momentum of falling water to lift part of it higher, and a torque converter transmits torque through fluid.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : B

The device is the hydraulic accumulator.

An accumulator stores hydraulic energy, usually as pressurised liquid under a weighted or gas-charged ram, when demand is low, and releases it when machines such as presses or lifts need more than the pump can supply. A flywheel stores energy mechanically in the same way and an electric battery stores it electrically, which is the analogy the question draws.

A hydraulic ram lifts water using the momentum of a flow, an intensifier raises the pressure of a supply, and a jack multiplies force to lift loads. None of them stores and releases energy.

Your Answer : (Not Answered)

Correct Answer : D

The correct matching is P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1.

1. Waste valve: the hydraulic ram, whose waste valve closes suddenly to create the water-hammer pressure that drives delivery.
2. Plunger: the reciprocating pump, in which a plunger or piston moves to and fro in a cylinder.
3. Foot valve: the centrifugal pump, which needs a non-return foot valve at the bottom of the suction pipe to stay primed.
4. Nozzle and venturi: the jet pump, where a high-velocity jet through a nozzle and venturi entrains water from the well.

Each other option puts the foot valve or plunger on the wrong pump, for instance pairing the plunger with the centrifugal pump, which has an impeller and no plunger.