Computer Operating System Questions and Answers

Q: What is the name given to the process of initializing a microcomputer with its operating system?

Correct answer: BootingBooting is the whole process of bringing a machine up: firmware in ROM runs first, tests the hardware, reads the boot sector from disk, and hands control to the operating system it loads. A cold boot starts from power-off and a warm boot restarts a machine already running, so both are kinds of booting.

Q: The function(s) of the Storage Assignment is (are)

Correct answer: all of the aboveStorage assignment reserves space for every variable the source program refers to, for the temporary locations the generated code needs to hold intermediate results, and for the literals - and it must ensure the storage is aligned to whatever boundary the machine requires. All three tasks belong to that phase.

Q: With MS-DOS which command will divide the surface of the blank floppy disk into sectors and assign a unique address to each one?

Correct answer: FORMAT commandFORMAT writes the track and sector structure onto a blank diskette, gives every sector its address marks, and lays down the boot sector, file allocation table and root directory. Until that is done the surface carries no organisation and DOS cannot store anything on it.

Q: A translator which reads an entire programme written in a high level language and converts it into machine language code is:

Correct answer: compilerA compiler reads the entire high-level source program, checks it, and produces machine code for the whole of it before anything runs - which is why compiled programs run fast but must be recompiled after every change. An assembler translates assembly language, and an interpreter executes a statement at a time.

Q: The advantage(s) inherent to using high level languages is (are)

Correct answer: All of the aboveHigh-level languages win on every count listed: programs are shorter and quicker to write, so fewer people and less time are needed; the compiler’s diagnostics and the readable source make debugging and documentation better; and because the compiler hides the machine, the same source can be recompiled for a different processor.

Q: In which way(s) a macro processor for assembly language can be implemented:

Correct answer: all of the aboveA macro processor for assembly language may be built in any of the three ways: as an independent two-pass processor, as an independent one-pass processor, or incorporated into pass 1 of the assembler itself. The last saves a scan of the source and shares the assembler’s tables, at the cost of a more complex pass.

Q: Which of the following is a type of systems software used on microcomputers?

Correct answer: All of the aboveMS-DOS, PC-DOS and Unix are all operating systems, and an operating system is the central piece of system software - the layer that manages the processor, memory, files and devices so that applications need not. All three have run on microcomputers.

61.

What is the name given to the process of initializing a microcomputer with its operating system?

A.Cold booting
B.Booting
C.Warm booting
D.Boot recording

Answer: B

Correct answer: Booting

Booting is the whole process of bringing a machine up: firmware in ROM runs first, tests the hardware, reads the boot sector from disk, and hands control to the operating system it loads. A cold boot starts from power-off and a warm boot restarts a machine already running, so both are kinds of booting.

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62.

The function(s) of the Storage Assignment is (are)

A.to assign storage to all variables referenced in the source program.
B.to assign storage to all temporary locations that are necessary for intermediate results.
C.to assign storage to literals, and to ensure that the storage is allocate and appropriate locations are initialized.
D.all of the above

Answer: D

Correct answer: all of the above

Storage assignment reserves space for every variable the source program refers to, for the temporary locations the generated code needs to hold intermediate results, and for the literals - and it must ensure the storage is aligned to whatever boundary the machine requires. All three tasks belong to that phase.

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63.

A Processor

A.is a device that performs a sequence of operations specified by instructions in memory.
B.is the device where information is stored
C.is a sequence of instructions
D.is typically characterized by interactive processing and time of the CPU's time to allow quick response to each user.

Answer: A

Correct answer: is a device that performs a sequence of operations specified by instructions in memory

A processor is the device that fetches instructions from memory and executes them in sequence, performing the arithmetic and logic they call for and directing the rest of the machine. Memory is where information is kept, and a program is the sequence of instructions it obeys.

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64.

With MS-DOS which command will divide the surface of the blank floppy disk into sectors and assign a unique address to each one?

A.FORMAT command
B.FAT command
C.VER command
D.CHKDSK command

Answer: A

Correct answer: FORMAT command

FORMAT writes the track and sector structure onto a blank diskette, gives every sector its address marks, and lays down the boot sector, file allocation table and root directory. Until that is done the surface carries no organisation and DOS cannot store anything on it.

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65.

Multiprogramming

A.is a method of memory allocation by which the program is subdivided into equal portions, or pages and core is subdivided into equal portions or blocks.
B.consists of those addresses that may be generated by a processor during execution of a computation.
C.is a method of allocating processor time.
D.allows multiple programs to reside in separate areas of core at the time.

Answer: D

Correct answer: allows multiple programs to reside in separate areas of core at the same time

Multiprogramming keeps several programs in memory at once so that when one blocks for input or output the processor can turn immediately to another, which is what keeps an expensive processor busy. Dividing memory into pages and allocating processor time are the separate mechanisms it relies on.

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66.

A translator which reads an entire programme written in a high level language and converts it into machine language code is:

A.assembler
B.translator
C.compiler
D.system software

Answer: C

Correct answer: compiler

A compiler reads the entire high-level source program, checks it, and produces machine code for the whole of it before anything runs - which is why compiled programs run fast but must be recompiled after every change. An assembler translates assembly language, and an interpreter executes a statement at a time.

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67.

The advantage(s) inherent to using high level languages is (are)

A.Fewer people, less management and shorter transition in learning time
B.Improved debugging capability, and superior documentation
C.A greater degree of machine independence
D.All of the above

Answer: D

Correct answer: All of the above

High-level languages win on every count listed: programs are shorter and quicker to write, so fewer people and less time are needed; the compiler’s diagnostics and the readable source make debugging and documentation better; and because the compiler hides the machine, the same source can be recompiled for a different processor.

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68.

Addressing modes

A.defines the fundamental method of determining effective operand addresses
B.are variations in the use of fundamental addressing structures, or some associated actions which are related to addressing.
C.performs indicated operations on two fast registers of the machine and leave the result in one of the registers.
D.all of the above

Answer: B

Correct answer: are variations in the use of fundamental addressing structures

The addressing structure defines how an effective address is formed in principle; the addressing modes are the particular variations offered - direct, indirect, indexed, base-relative, immediate, auto-increment. Each mode is one way of applying the underlying structure.

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69.

In which way(s) a macro processor for assembly language can be implemented:

A.independent two-pass processor
B.independent one-pass processor
C.processor incorporated into pass 1 of a standard two-pass assembler
D.all of the above

Answer: D

Correct answer: all of the above

A macro processor for assembly language may be built in any of the three ways: as an independent two-pass processor, as an independent one-pass processor, or incorporated into pass 1 of the assembler itself. The last saves a scan of the source and shares the assembler’s tables, at the cost of a more complex pass.

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70.

Which of the following is a type of systems software used on microcomputers?

A.MS-DOS
B.PC-DOS
C.Unix
D.All of the above

Answer: D

Correct answer: All of the above

MS-DOS, PC-DOS and Unix are all operating systems, and an operating system is the central piece of system software - the layer that manages the processor, memory, files and devices so that applications need not. All three have run on microcomputers.

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