Introduction to Nutrition Questions and Answers

Q: Food classified on the basis of function includes following except :

The one not included is Nutritional food.Classified by function, foods are energy-yielding foods (cereals, fats, sugars), body-building foods (pulses, milk, meat, eggs, fish) and protective foods (vegetables, fruits, milk), which supply vitamins and minerals.Every food is nutritional in a general sense, so 'nutritional food' is not one of the functional groups. The other three options are the groups themselves.

Q: Branch of Dietetics dealing with health problem of elderly -

The keyed answer is geriatrics.Geriatrics is the branch of medicine and health care that deals with the diseases and health problems of the elderly, and geriatric nutrition is the part of dietetics that plans diets for them.Gerontology is close, but it is the broader scientific study of ageing itself, its biological, psychological and social aspects, rather than the care of elderly people's health problems. 'Aging' is the process, not a branch of study, and elderly education is a field of adult learning.

Q: Which of the following is not included in macronutrients?

The nutrient not included in macronutrients is vitamins.Macronutrients are needed in large amounts and supply energy or bulk: carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Vitamins (and minerals) are micronutrients, needed in milligrams or micrograms, and they regulate body processes rather than supply energy.Proteins, fats and carbohydrates are all macronutrients, so those options are wrong.

Q: A serving of dessert has the following nutrient composition :10 g of fat, 5 g of protein, 10 g of water and 20 g of carbohydrates.How many calories does it provide ?

The serving provides 190 kcal.Use the physiological fuel values: fat gives 9 kcal per gram, protein and carbohydrate 4 kcal per gram each, and water none.\[ \begin{aligned} \text{fat} &= 10 \times 9 = 90 \\ \text{protein} &= 5 \times 4 = 20 \\ \text{carbohydrate} &= 20 \times 4 = 80 \\ \text{total} &= 90 + 20 + 80 = 190\ \text{kcal} \end{aligned} \]The 10 g of water adds nothing. 200 kcal and 150 kcal are what you get by counting fat at 10 or 5 kcal per gram instead of 9, and 250 kcal is more than any correct use of the factors allows.

Q: The type of alcohol in beverages such as wine and beer is :

The alcohol in wine and beer is ethyl alcohol (ethanol).Ethanol, C2H5OH, is produced when yeast ferments the sugars of grapes or malted grain; it is the only alcohol fit to drink in beverage amounts.Isopropyl alcohol is rubbing alcohol, used as an antiseptic and solvent. Methyl alcohol (methanol) is the poisonous wood alcohol that causes blindness and death in illicit liquor. Propyl alcohol is an industrial solvent. None of them is the intended alcohol of a beverage.

Q: Hormone which regulates water balance :

Water balance is regulated by the antidiuretic hormone (ADH, vasopressin).ADH is made in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary when the blood becomes concentrated. It makes the collecting ducts of the kidney permeable to water, so more water is reabsorbed and a smaller volume of concentrated urine is passed. Lack of it causes diabetes insipidus.Insulin regulates blood glucose, prolactin stimulates milk production, and thyroxine sets the basal metabolic rate; none of them is the hormone of water balance.

Q: The hormone that stimulates appetite and known as hunger hormone :

The 'hunger hormone' is ghrelin.Ghrelin is secreted mainly by the stomach when it is empty. It acts on the hypothalamus to stimulate appetite, and its level rises before meals and falls after eating.Leptin, from fat cells, has the opposite effect: it signals satiety and long-term energy stores. Insulin lowers blood glucose and also tends to reduce appetite centrally. Estrogen is a female sex hormone and is not the appetite-stimulating hormone.

Q: Which of the following is a benefit of physical fitness ?

A benefit of physical fitness is increased bone density.Weight-bearing and resistance exercise loads the skeleton, which stimulates bone formation and helps prevent osteoporosis in later life.The other options are the reverse of what fitness does. Regular activity increases lean body mass rather than decreasing it, lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease, and generally strengthens rather than impairs immune function.

Q: Which of the following components of fitness is defined as the body's ability to sustain prolonged exercise ?

The body's ability to sustain prolonged exercise is cardiorespiratory endurance.It depends on how well the heart, lungs and blood vessels supply oxygen to working muscles over a long period, and is measured by tests such as the maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) or a timed run.Body composition is the proportion of fat to lean tissue, flexibility is the range of movement at the joints, and agility is the ability to change direction quickly; none of them describes prolonged effort.

Q: Which among the following is used as an ergogenic aid ?

The ergogenic aid among these is branched chain amino acids.An ergogenic aid is a substance or practice taken to improve physical performance or recovery. The branched chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine and valine are widely used as supplements by athletes to reduce muscle breakdown and fatigue during endurance and resistance exercise.Magnesium, water and fibre are ordinary nutrients needed for health. Adequate water is essential for performance, but it is not classed as an ergogenic aid, and fibre has no performance-enhancing role.

Food classified on the basis of function includes following except :

A.Body building food
B.Protective food
C.Energy yielding food
D.Nutritional food

Exam Year(s)

RSMSSB - 2025, Rajasthan Nursing Tutor - 2025,

Answer: D

The one not included is Nutritional food.

Classified by function, foods are energy-yielding foods (cereals, fats, sugars), body-building foods (pulses, milk, meat, eggs, fish) and protective foods (vegetables, fruits, milk), which supply vitamins and minerals.

Every food is nutritional in a general sense, so 'nutritional food' is not one of the functional groups. The other three options are the groups themselves.

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Branch of Dietetics dealing with health problem of elderly -

A.Geriatrics
B.Gerontology
C.Aging
D.Elderly education

Exam Year(s)

RSMSSB - 2025, Rajasthan ANM - 2025,

Answer: A

The keyed answer is geriatrics.

Geriatrics is the branch of medicine and health care that deals with the diseases and health problems of the elderly, and geriatric nutrition is the part of dietetics that plans diets for them.

Gerontology is close, but it is the broader scientific study of ageing itself, its biological, psychological and social aspects, rather than the care of elderly people's health problems. 'Aging' is the process, not a branch of study, and elderly education is a field of adult learning.

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Which of the following is not included in macronutrients?

A.Proteins
B.Vitamins
C.Fats
D.Carbohydrates

Exam Year(s)

RSMSSB - 2026, RSMSSB Mahila Supervisor - 2026,

Answer: B

The nutrient not included in macronutrients is vitamins.

Macronutrients are needed in large amounts and supply energy or bulk: carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Vitamins (and minerals) are micronutrients, needed in milligrams or micrograms, and they regulate body processes rather than supply energy.

Proteins, fats and carbohydrates are all macronutrients, so those options are wrong.

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A serving of dessert has the following nutrient composition :

10 g of fat, 5 g of protein, 10 g of water and 20 g of carbohydrates.

How many calories does it provide ?

A.250 kcal
B.200 kcal
C.150 kcal
D.190 kcal

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: D

The serving provides 190 kcal.

Use the physiological fuel values: fat gives 9 kcal per gram, protein and carbohydrate 4 kcal per gram each, and water none.

\[ \begin{aligned} \text{fat} &= 10 \times 9 = 90 \\ \text{protein} &= 5 \times 4 = 20 \\ \text{carbohydrate} &= 20 \times 4 = 80 \\ \text{total} &= 90 + 20 + 80 = 190\ \text{kcal} \end{aligned} \]

The 10 g of water adds nothing. 200 kcal and 150 kcal are what you get by counting fat at 10 or 5 kcal per gram instead of 9, and 250 kcal is more than any correct use of the factors allows.

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The type of alcohol in beverages such as wine and beer is :

A.Ethyl alcohol (Ethanol)
B.Isopropyl alcohol (Isopropanol)
C.Methyl alcohol (Methanol)
D.Propyl alcohol (Propanol)

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: A

The alcohol in wine and beer is ethyl alcohol (ethanol).

Ethanol, C₂H₅OH, is produced when yeast ferments the sugars of grapes or malted grain; it is the only alcohol fit to drink in beverage amounts.

Isopropyl alcohol is rubbing alcohol, used as an antiseptic and solvent. Methyl alcohol (methanol) is the poisonous wood alcohol that causes blindness and death in illicit liquor. Propyl alcohol is an industrial solvent. None of them is the intended alcohol of a beverage.

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Hormone which regulates water balance :

A.Antidiuretic hormone
B.Insulin
C.Prolactin
D.Thyroxine

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: A

Water balance is regulated by the antidiuretic hormone (ADH, vasopressin).

ADH is made in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary when the blood becomes concentrated. It makes the collecting ducts of the kidney permeable to water, so more water is reabsorbed and a smaller volume of concentrated urine is passed. Lack of it causes diabetes insipidus.

Insulin regulates blood glucose, prolactin stimulates milk production, and thyroxine sets the basal metabolic rate; none of them is the hormone of water balance.

Discuss in Forum

The hormone that stimulates appetite and known as hunger hormone :

A.Leptin
B.Ghrelin
C.Insulin
D.Estrogen

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: B

The 'hunger hormone' is ghrelin.

Ghrelin is secreted mainly by the stomach when it is empty. It acts on the hypothalamus to stimulate appetite, and its level rises before meals and falls after eating.

Leptin, from fat cells, has the opposite effect: it signals satiety and long-term energy stores. Insulin lowers blood glucose and also tends to reduce appetite centrally. Estrogen is a female sex hormone and is not the appetite-stimulating hormone.

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Which of the following is a benefit of physical fitness ?

A.Decrease in lean body mass
B.Increased bone density
C.Increased risk of cardiovascular disease
D.Impaired immune system

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: B

A benefit of physical fitness is increased bone density.

Weight-bearing and resistance exercise loads the skeleton, which stimulates bone formation and helps prevent osteoporosis in later life.

The other options are the reverse of what fitness does. Regular activity increases lean body mass rather than decreasing it, lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease, and generally strengthens rather than impairs immune function.

Discuss in Forum

Which of the following components of fitness is defined as the body's ability to sustain prolonged exercise ?

A.Body composition
B.Flexibility
C.Agility
D.Cardiorespiratory endurance

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: D

The body's ability to sustain prolonged exercise is cardiorespiratory endurance.

It depends on how well the heart, lungs and blood vessels supply oxygen to working muscles over a long period, and is measured by tests such as the maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) or a timed run.

Body composition is the proportion of fat to lean tissue, flexibility is the range of movement at the joints, and agility is the ability to change direction quickly; none of them describes prolonged effort.

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10.

Which among the following is used as an ergogenic aid ?

A.Magnesium
B.Branched chain amino acids
C.Water
D.Fibre

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: B

The ergogenic aid among these is branched chain amino acids.

An ergogenic aid is a substance or practice taken to improve physical performance or recovery. The branched chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine and valine are widely used as supplements by athletes to reduce muscle breakdown and fatigue during endurance and resistance exercise.

Magnesium, water and fibre are ordinary nutrients needed for health. Adequate water is essential for performance, but it is not classed as an ergogenic aid, and fibre has no performance-enhancing role.

Discuss in Forum

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Introduction to Nutrition Questions and Answers

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Introduction to Nutrition Questions and Answers

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