World History Questions and Answers

Q: Yom Kippur War was fought to

It was fought to recover lost territories from Israel.In October 1973, on the Jewish holy day of Yom Kippur, Egypt and Syria launched a surprise attack on Israel to regain the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights, which they had lost in the Six-Day War of 1967.Reopening the Suez Canal followed the later disengagement and peace process rather than being the war's aim. The occupation of Lebanese territory and the attempt to destroy the PLO belong to the 1982 Lebanon war.

Q: Find which statement is not true.

The statement that is not true is Siam was a French colony in the late 19th century.Siam (Thailand) was the only country in Southeast Asia never colonised. It survived as a buffer between British Burma and Malaya and French Indochina, although it gave up territory to both powers.The other statements are true. After the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962 a direct hotline was set up between Washington and Moscow in 1963. Balkan nationalism grew as the Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian empires declined. The Meiji Restoration of 1868 began Japan's industrialisation and Westernisation.

Q: Choose the correct chronological order for the following matters.i. Monroe doctrine ii. Concert of Europeiii. Zollverein iv. Young Italy

The correct order is ii, i, iv, iii.Concert of Europe: formed after the Congress of Vienna, 1815.Monroe Doctrine: 1823.Young Italy: founded by Giuseppe Mazzini, 1831.Zollverein: the German customs union, which came into force in 1834.Options starting with the Monroe Doctrine or the Zollverein are wrong, because the Concert of Europe came first. The option ii, iii, i, iv is wrong because the Zollverein came last, after Young Italy.

Q: Who among the following belongs to Protestants ?

The Protestants are the British and Dutch.England broke with the Roman Catholic Church in the 16th century and the Dutch Republic became largely Calvinist, so the British and the Dutch, the main European rivals of the Portuguese in Asia, were Protestant powers.The Spanish, the Portuguese and the French were Roman Catholic, which rules out the other options.

Q: In 1775, where was the first battle of the American Revolution fought, when a thousand British soldiers met the Colonial Militia ?

The first battle was fought at Lexington.On 19 April 1775, British troops marching from Boston to seize colonial military stores at Concord met the colonial militia on Lexington Green, where the first shots of the American Revolutionary War were fired. The fighting continued at Concord's North Bridge the same day, so the opening clash is known as the Battles of Lexington and Concord.Boston was the British base and the scene of the later siege and of Bunker Hill (June 1775). Jamestown was the first permanent English settlement (1607), and Trenton was Washington's victory of December 1776, both outside the question.

Q: Who wrote the "Discourse on the Origin of Inequality" ?

The Discourse on the Origin of Inequality was written by Jean-Jacques Rousseau.Rousseau wrote it in 1754 for an essay competition of the Academy of Dijon, and it was published in 1755. It argues that people in the state of nature were free and roughly equal, and that inequality grew with private property and organised society. Its ideas led on to his Social Contract (1762).Voltaire is known for Candide and his attacks on religious intolerance, Montesquieu for The Spirit of the Laws and the separation of powers, and John Locke for the Two Treatises of Government. None of them wrote this discourse.

Q: Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov was popularly known as

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov was known as Lenin.Ulyanov adopted the pseudonym Lenin around 1901 while working as a revolutionary writer in exile. He led the Bolshevik faction, organised the October Revolution of 1917 and became the first head of the Soviet government.Stalin was the pseudonym of a different man, Joseph Dzhugashvili, who succeeded Lenin. Leon Trotsky was the pseudonym of Lev Bronstein, who led the Red Army, and Alexander Kerensky headed the Provisional Government that the Bolsheviks overthrew.

Q: The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty signed between which counties ?

The treaty was signed between Russia and the Central Powers.The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, signed on 3 March 1918, took Soviet Russia out of the First World War. The Bolshevik government made peace with the Central Powers, namely Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria, and gave up large territories including Poland, the Baltic lands and Ukraine.The other options name members of the Central Powers paired with the Allies, which describes the later peace treaties: Versailles with Germany, Sevres with Turkey and Neuilly with Bulgaria. The treaty was annulled after Germany's defeat in November 1918.

Q: Name the two German representatives who were forced to append their signatures on the Treaty of Versailles in 1919 ?

The two signatories were Müller and Bell.On 28 June 1919, in the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles, Germany's Foreign Minister Hermann Müller and Transport (Colonial) Minister Johannes Bell signed the treaty for the new Weimar Republic. Germany had not been allowed to negotiate the terms and signed under the threat of renewed war, which is why the paper says they were forced to sign.The other pairs are not the German signatories; 'Ludwig and Max', 'Fritz and Felix Graf' and 'Gunther and Hermann' are only common German first names placed as distractors.

Q: Operation Barbarossa was the code name for the invasion on which country ?

Operation Barbarossa was the invasion of the USSR.Nazi Germany and its allies attacked the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941, breaking the Molotov-Ribbentrop non-aggression pact of 1939. The operation, named after the medieval emperor Frederick Barbarossa, was the largest invasion in history; it stalled before Moscow in December 1941 and opened the Eastern Front.Germany was the invader, not the target. Japan was Germany's ally, and France had already been defeated by Germany in 1940 in a campaign with a different code name (Fall Gelb).

21.

Yom Kippur War was fought to

A.Recover lost territories from Israel
B.Open access to Suez Canal
C.Occupy the territories of Lebanon
D.Destroy the PLO

Exam Year(s)

Kerala PSC KAS - 2025,

Answer: A

It was fought to recover lost territories from Israel.

In October 1973, on the Jewish holy day of Yom Kippur, Egypt and Syria launched a surprise attack on Israel to regain the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights, which they had lost in the Six-Day War of 1967.

Reopening the Suez Canal followed the later disengagement and peace process rather than being the war's aim. The occupation of Lebanese territory and the attempt to destroy the PLO belong to the 1982 Lebanon war.

Discuss in Forum

22.

Find which statement is not true.

A.Cuban Missile Crisis ended with the establishment of a direct communication line between the USA and the USSR to avoid future confrontation
B.Siam was a French colony in the late 19th century
C.Balkan nationalism generated in the context of the decline of the Austro Hungarian and the Ottoman Empire
D.Meiji Restoration marked the beginning of industrialization and westernization in Japan

Exam Year(s)

Kerala PSC KAS - 2025,

Answer: B

The statement that is not true is Siam was a French colony in the late 19th century.

Siam (Thailand) was the only country in Southeast Asia never colonised. It survived as a buffer between British Burma and Malaya and French Indochina, although it gave up territory to both powers.

The other statements are true. After the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962 a direct hotline was set up between Washington and Moscow in 1963. Balkan nationalism grew as the Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian empires declined. The Meiji Restoration of 1868 began Japan's industrialisation and Westernisation.

Discuss in Forum

23.

Choose the correct chronological order for the following matters.

i. Monroe doctrine ii. Concert of Europe
iii. Zollverein iv. Young Italy

A.i, ii, iii, iv
B.ii, iii, i, iv
C.ii, i, iv, iii
D.iii, i, iv, ii

Exam Year(s)

Kerala PSC KAS - 2025,

Answer: C

The correct order is ii, i, iv, iii.

Concert of Europe: formed after the Congress of Vienna, 1815.
Monroe Doctrine: 1823.
Young Italy: founded by Giuseppe Mazzini, 1831.
Zollverein: the German customs union, which came into force in 1834.

Options starting with the Monroe Doctrine or the Zollverein are wrong, because the Concert of Europe came first. The option ii, iii, i, iv is wrong because the Zollverein came last, after Young Italy.

Discuss in Forum

24.

Who among the following belongs to Protestants ?

A.British and Dutch
B.Spanish and Portuguese
C.Portuguese
D.French

Exam Year(s)

KPSC KAS - 2020,

Answer: A

The Protestants are the British and Dutch.

England broke with the Roman Catholic Church in the 16th century and the Dutch Republic became largely Calvinist, so the British and the Dutch, the main European rivals of the Portuguese in Asia, were Protestant powers.

The Spanish, the Portuguese and the French were Roman Catholic, which rules out the other options.

Discuss in Forum

25.

In 1775, where was the first battle of the American Revolution fought, when a thousand British soldiers met the Colonial Militia ?

A.Boston
B.Lexington
C.Jamestown
D.Trenton

Exam Year(s)

Punjab Civil Service - 2018,

Answer: B

The first battle was fought at Lexington.

On 19 April 1775, British troops marching from Boston to seize colonial military stores at Concord met the colonial militia on Lexington Green, where the first shots of the American Revolutionary War were fired. The fighting continued at Concord's North Bridge the same day, so the opening clash is known as the Battles of Lexington and Concord.

Boston was the British base and the scene of the later siege and of Bunker Hill (June 1775). Jamestown was the first permanent English settlement (1607), and Trenton was Washington's victory of December 1776, both outside the question.

Discuss in Forum

26.

Who wrote the "Discourse on the Origin of Inequality" ?

A.Voltaire
B.Jean-Jacques Rousseau
C.Montesquieu
D.Locke

Exam Year(s)

Punjab Civil Service - 2018,

Answer: B

The Discourse on the Origin of Inequality was written by Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

Rousseau wrote it in 1754 for an essay competition of the Academy of Dijon, and it was published in 1755. It argues that people in the state of nature were free and roughly equal, and that inequality grew with private property and organised society. Its ideas led on to his Social Contract (1762).

Voltaire is known for Candide and his attacks on religious intolerance, Montesquieu for The Spirit of the Laws and the separation of powers, and John Locke for the Two Treatises of Government. None of them wrote this discourse.

Discuss in Forum

27.

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov was popularly known as

A.Stalin
B.Lenin
C.Kerensky
D.Leon Trotsky

Exam Year(s)

Punjab Civil Service - 2018,

Answer: B

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov was known as Lenin.

Ulyanov adopted the pseudonym Lenin around 1901 while working as a revolutionary writer in exile. He led the Bolshevik faction, organised the October Revolution of 1917 and became the first head of the Soviet government.

Stalin was the pseudonym of a different man, Joseph Dzhugashvili, who succeeded Lenin. Leon Trotsky was the pseudonym of Lev Bronstein, who led the Red Army, and Alexander Kerensky headed the Provisional Government that the Bolsheviks overthrew.

Discuss in Forum

28.

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty signed between which counties ?

A.Russia and the Central Powers
B.Germany and the Allied Powers
C.Turkey and the Allied Powers
D.Bulgaria and the Allied Powers

Exam Year(s)

Punjab Civil Service - 2018,

Answer: A

The treaty was signed between Russia and the Central Powers.

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, signed on 3 March 1918, took Soviet Russia out of the First World War. The Bolshevik government made peace with the Central Powers, namely Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria, and gave up large territories including Poland, the Baltic lands and Ukraine.

The other options name members of the Central Powers paired with the Allies, which describes the later peace treaties: Versailles with Germany, Sevres with Turkey and Neuilly with Bulgaria. The treaty was annulled after Germany's defeat in November 1918.

Discuss in Forum

29.

Name the two German representatives who were forced to append their signatures on the Treaty of Versailles in 1919 ?

A.Müller and Bell
B.Ludwig and Max
C.Fritz and Felix Graf
D.Gunther and Hermann

Exam Year(s)

Punjab Civil Service - 2018,

Answer: A

The two signatories were Müller and Bell.

On 28 June 1919, in the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles, Germany's Foreign Minister Hermann Müller and Transport (Colonial) Minister Johannes Bell signed the treaty for the new Weimar Republic. Germany had not been allowed to negotiate the terms and signed under the threat of renewed war, which is why the paper says they were forced to sign.

The other pairs are not the German signatories; 'Ludwig and Max', 'Fritz and Felix Graf' and 'Gunther and Hermann' are only common German first names placed as distractors.

Discuss in Forum

30.

Operation Barbarossa was the code name for the invasion on which country ?

A.Germany
B.Japan
C.France
D.USSR

Exam Year(s)

Punjab Civil Service - 2018,

Answer: D

Operation Barbarossa was the invasion of the USSR.

Nazi Germany and its allies attacked the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941, breaking the Molotov-Ribbentrop non-aggression pact of 1939. The operation, named after the medieval emperor Frederick Barbarossa, was the largest invasion in history; it stalled before Moscow in December 1941 and opened the Eastern Front.

Germany was the invader, not the target. Japan was Germany's ally, and France had already been defeated by Germany in 1940 in a campaign with a different code name (Fall Gelb).

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