Matching Pattern :List I (Provisions)List II (Acts)(a) Board of Control(1) Regulating Act, 1773(b) Central Administration(2) Government of India Act, 1858(c) Governor General(3) Pitts India Act, 1784(d) Secretary of State for India(4) Charter Act, 1833

The correct matching is a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2.Board of Control: created by Pitt's India Act, 1784, to supervise the Company's political affairs.Central administration: begun by the Regulating Act, 1773, which made the Governor of Bengal the Governor-General with control over Bombay and Madras.Governor-General of India: the title created by the Charter Act, 1833.Secretary of State for India: created by the Government of India Act, 1858, when the Crown took over.The option a-3, b-1, c-2, d-4 swaps the 1833 and 1858 Acts, and the others place the Board of Control wrongly.

Indian Administration Questions and Answers

Q: The commercial monopoly of the East India Company in India came to an end by :

The monopoly ended with the Charter Act, 1833.The Charter Act of 1813 ended the East India Company's monopoly of trade with India but kept its monopoly of the tea trade and the trade with China. The Charter Act of 1833 abolished these remaining monopolies and ended the Company's commercial activities altogether, turning it into a purely administrative body governing India on behalf of the Crown. It also made the Governor-General of Bengal the Governor-General of India.The Regulating Act (1773) and Pitt's India Act (1784) concerned the Company's administration and its control by Parliament, and the Charter Act of 1853 dealt with the legislative council and competitive recruitment; none ended the commercial monopoly.

Q: The most prevalent pattern regarding relationship between the executive agency and the secretariat is :

The key gives the generalist-specialist dichotomy pattern.In India's departmental arrangement, policy is made in the secretariat, normally headed by a generalist civil servant, and carried out by an executive agency headed by a specialist (a director or chief engineer), who works under the secretariat's supervision. The division between the generalist secretariat and the specialist executive agency is the usual description of how the two relate.I could not find a source that names the four 'patterns' in the options or says which is most prevalent, and some sources note that generalists are also often appointed as heads of executive departments. The key is kept because the generalist-specialist divide is the best-known feature of the relationship between the two; I could not show that the other three are less prevalent.

Q: When was the Lokpal Bill presented in the Parliament for the first time ?

The key's answer is 1st May 1968.The first Lokpal Bill, the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Bill, 1968, was introduced in the Fourth Lok Sabha in May 1968, following the First Administrative Reforms Commission's recommendation of 1966 for a Lokpal and Lokayuktas. It was passed by the Lok Sabha in 1969 but lapsed with the dissolution of the House. The option dated 1968 is therefore the first presentation.The other dates are of later attempts: Lokpal bills were introduced again in 1971 and in 1998, and in several other years, all of which lapsed. A Lokpal was finally created by the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013.

Q: Which one of the following is not a function of NITI Aayog ?

The item that is not a NITI Aayog function is allocation of resources among states.When NITI Aayog replaced the Planning Commission in 2015, it was set up as a policy think tank without the power to allocate funds. Transfers to states are now governed by the Finance Commission and by the Union Finance Ministry and ministries, not by NITI Aayog.Its stated functions include fostering cooperative federalism, building partnerships with national and international think tanks and research institutions, and developing mechanisms to formulate credible plans at the village level and aggregate them at higher levels of government. So options A, C and D are all functions it has.

Q: Staff council were established by the government of India on the recommendations of ................. .

Staff councils were set up on the recommendation of the First Pay Commission.The First Central Pay Commission (1946-47) recommended joint councils of officials and staff on the lines of the British Whitley councils, and the Government of India set up staff councils in its offices in 1954. The later Joint Consultative Machinery of 1966 followed the Second Pay Commission.J. H. Whitley chaired the British committee whose model was borrowed, but he made no recommendation to the Government of India, and the Second Pay Commission is linked with the Joint Consultative Machinery, not the first staff councils.

Q: The classification of services in India is governed by the ............. .

The classification of services was governed by the Civil services rules of 1930.The Civil Services (Classification, Control and Appeal) Rules, 1930 divided the services into the all-India services, the Central Services Class I and Class II, specialist services and subordinate services. They remained the basis of classification in independent India until replaced by the CCS (CCA) Rules of 1957 and 1965.The years 1929, 1947 and 1955 do not match any set of classification rules, so those options are wrong.

Q: What is not included in ordinary pension ?

The pension not included among ordinary pensions is the injury pension or family pension.Under the Civil Service Regulations, ordinary pensions are earned by service: the superannuation pension on reaching the retirement age, the retiring pension on permitted early retirement, the invalid pension on retirement for ill health, and the compensation pension when a post is abolished.Injury and family pensions payable after injury or death in service fall under the extraordinary pension rules, so they are the odd one out.

Q: The position and role of the Cabinet Secretary has been influenced by the emergence of the following powerful mechanisms :

The mechanism is the Prime Minister's Secretariat.The Prime Minister's Secretariat, set up in 1947 and greatly strengthened from the late 1960s (renamed the Prime Minister's Office in 1977), became the centre of policy advice and coordination. Its rise reduced the pre-eminence of the Cabinet Secretary as the chief coordinator of government.The Finance Commission deals with Centre-state fiscal transfers, the Inter-State Council with Centre-state relations, and NITI Aayog with planning advice; none rivals the Cabinet Secretary's role in the same direct way.

51.

The commercial monopoly of the East India Company in India came to an end by :

A.The Regulating Act, 1773
B.Pitt's India Act, 1784
C.The Charter Act, 1833
D.The India Act, 1853

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: C

The monopoly ended with the Charter Act, 1833.

The Charter Act of 1813 ended the East India Company's monopoly of trade with India but kept its monopoly of the tea trade and the trade with China. The Charter Act of 1833 abolished these remaining monopolies and ended the Company's commercial activities altogether, turning it into a purely administrative body governing India on behalf of the Crown. It also made the Governor-General of Bengal the Governor-General of India.

The Regulating Act (1773) and Pitt's India Act (1784) concerned the Company's administration and its control by Parliament, and the Charter Act of 1853 dealt with the legislative council and competitive recruitment; none ended the commercial monopoly.

Discuss in Forum

52.

The most prevalent pattern regarding relationship between the executive agency and the secretariat is :

A.Integrated pattern
B.Link officer pattern
C.Coordinating pattern
D.Generalist-specialist dichotomy pattern

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: D

The key gives the generalist-specialist dichotomy pattern.

In India's departmental arrangement, policy is made in the secretariat, normally headed by a generalist civil servant, and carried out by an executive agency headed by a specialist (a director or chief engineer), who works under the secretariat's supervision. The division between the generalist secretariat and the specialist executive agency is the usual description of how the two relate.

I could not find a source that names the four 'patterns' in the options or says which is most prevalent, and some sources note that generalists are also often appointed as heads of executive departments. The key is kept because the generalist-specialist divide is the best-known feature of the relationship between the two; I could not show that the other three are less prevalent.

Discuss in Forum

53.

When was the Lokpal Bill presented in the Parliament for the first time ?

A.1st May 1968
B.2nd August 1971
C.23rd July 1998
D.3rd August 1998

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: A

The key's answer is 1st May 1968.

The first Lokpal Bill, the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Bill, 1968, was introduced in the Fourth Lok Sabha in May 1968, following the First Administrative Reforms Commission's recommendation of 1966 for a Lokpal and Lokayuktas. It was passed by the Lok Sabha in 1969 but lapsed with the dissolution of the House. The option dated 1968 is therefore the first presentation.

The other dates are of later attempts: Lokpal bills were introduced again in 1971 and in 1998, and in several other years, all of which lapsed. A Lokpal was finally created by the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013.

Discuss in Forum

54.

Which one of the following is not a function of NITI Aayog ?

A.Fostering cooperative federalism
B.Allocation of resources among states
C.Forging partnerships with national and international think tanks
D.Formulation of plans at village level

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: B

The item that is not a NITI Aayog function is allocation of resources among states.

When NITI Aayog replaced the Planning Commission in 2015, it was set up as a policy think tank without the power to allocate funds. Transfers to states are now governed by the Finance Commission and by the Union Finance Ministry and ministries, not by NITI Aayog.

Its stated functions include fostering cooperative federalism, building partnerships with national and international think tanks and research institutions, and developing mechanisms to formulate credible plans at the village level and aggregate them at higher levels of government. So options A, C and D are all functions it has.

Discuss in Forum

55.

Assertion (A), Reason (R) Pattern :

Assertion (A) : In India generalist administrators are preferred over specialist.
Reason (R) : Generalist administrators successfully play roles as a facilitator, mediator, arbiter and coordinator.

Answer the question using the codes given below :

A.Both (A) and (R) are false
B.Both (A) and (R) are true, while (R) is justification of (A)
C.Only (A) is true, (R) is false
D.Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not justification of (A)

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: B

Both (A) and (R) are true, while (R) is justification of (A).

Indian administration has traditionally given the top posts in the secretariat and the districts to generalist officers of the IAS rather than to specialists, which is the assertion.

The usual justification is precisely the reason given. A generalist with broad administrative experience is seen as suited to the roles of facilitator, mediator, arbiter and coordinator: bringing together the work of different specialist departments, balancing competing demands, and presenting a whole picture to ministers. Since the reason is the argument for the preference, it justifies the assertion.

Discuss in Forum

56.

Staff council were established by the government of India on the recommendations of ................. .

A.First Pay Commission
B.Second Pay Commission
C.Royal Commission
D.J. H. Whitley

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: A

Staff councils were set up on the recommendation of the First Pay Commission.

The First Central Pay Commission (1946-47) recommended joint councils of officials and staff on the lines of the British Whitley councils, and the Government of India set up staff councils in its offices in 1954. The later Joint Consultative Machinery of 1966 followed the Second Pay Commission.

J. H. Whitley chaired the British committee whose model was borrowed, but he made no recommendation to the Government of India, and the Second Pay Commission is linked with the Joint Consultative Machinery, not the first staff councils.

Discuss in Forum

57.

The classification of services in India is governed by the ............. .

A.Civil services rules of 1955
B.Civil services rules of 1930
C.Civil services rules of 1947
D.Civil services rules of 1929

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: B

The classification of services was governed by the Civil services rules of 1930.

The Civil Services (Classification, Control and Appeal) Rules, 1930 divided the services into the all-India services, the Central Services Class I and Class II, specialist services and subordinate services. They remained the basis of classification in independent India until replaced by the CCS (CCA) Rules of 1957 and 1965.

The years 1929, 1947 and 1955 do not match any set of classification rules, so those options are wrong.

Discuss in Forum

58.

What is not included in ordinary pension ?

A.Superannuation pension
B.Retiring pension
C.Invalid pension
D.Injury pension or family pension

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: D

The pension not included among ordinary pensions is the injury pension or family pension.

Under the Civil Service Regulations, ordinary pensions are earned by service: the superannuation pension on reaching the retirement age, the retiring pension on permitted early retirement, the invalid pension on retirement for ill health, and the compensation pension when a post is abolished.

Injury and family pensions payable after injury or death in service fall under the extraordinary pension rules, so they are the odd one out.

Discuss in Forum

59.

Matching Pattern :

List I (Provisions)	List II (Acts)
(a) Board of Control	(1) Regulating Act, 1773
(b) Central Administration	(2) Government of India Act, 1858
(c) Governor General	(3) Pitts India Act, 1784
(d) Secretary of State for India	(4) Charter Act, 1833

A.a-4, b-2, c-3, d-1
B.a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2
C.a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4
D.a-3, b-1, c-2, d-4

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: B

The correct matching is a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2.

Board of Control: created by Pitt's India Act, 1784, to supervise the Company's political affairs.
Central administration: begun by the Regulating Act, 1773, which made the Governor of Bengal the Governor-General with control over Bombay and Madras.
Governor-General of India: the title created by the Charter Act, 1833.
Secretary of State for India: created by the Government of India Act, 1858, when the Crown took over.

The option a-3, b-1, c-2, d-4 swaps the 1833 and 1858 Acts, and the others place the Board of Control wrongly.

Discuss in Forum

60.

The position and role of the Cabinet Secretary has been influenced by the emergence of the following powerful mechanisms :

A.NITI Aayog
B.Finance Commission
C.Inter-State Council
D.Prime Minister's Secretariat

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: D

The mechanism is the Prime Minister's Secretariat.

The Prime Minister's Secretariat, set up in 1947 and greatly strengthened from the late 1960s (renamed the Prime Minister's Office in 1977), became the centre of policy advice and coordination. Its rise reduced the pre-eminence of the Cabinet Secretary as the chief coordinator of government.

The Finance Commission deals with Centre-state fiscal transfers, the Inter-State Council with Centre-state relations, and NITI Aayog with planning advice; none rivals the Cabinet Secretary's role in the same direct way.

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