Information and Communication Technology Questions and Answers

Answer: D

Convert each number to decimal.

\[ (17)_{16}=1\times 16+7=23 \]

\[ (17)_{8}=1\times 8+7=15 \]

\[ (10111)_{2}=16+4+2+1=23 \]

\[ (10001)_{2}=16+1=17 \]

Only the last equals 17 in decimal, so (17) base 10 equals (10001) base 2. The answer is the fourth option. Another method is repeated division by 2: 17 gives 8 remainder 1, 8 gives 4 remainder 0, 4 gives 2 remainder 0, 2 gives 1 remainder 0 and 1 gives 0 remainder 1, so reading upward gives 10001.

Answer: C

Microsoft Word 2007 and later versions save documents in the Office Open XML format, which uses the extension .docx. The older .doc extension belongs to Word 97 to 2003, .pdf is the Portable Document Format and .txt is plain text. The answer is .docx. Office 2007 moved to zipped XML formats, so Excel files became .xlsx and PowerPoint files .pptx, in the same way as Word files became .docx.

Answer: D

POP, the Post Office Protocol, is used by e-mail clients to download messages from the mail server to the user's computer. SMTP is used to send mail, FTP to transfer files, and TCP is the transport protocol underlying many of them, not an e-mail download protocol. The answer is POP. IMAP is the other protocol for fetching mail, but it keeps the mail on the server, while POP3 normally downloads it to the computer.

Answer: C

TCP/IP, the Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol, is the set of rules that every computer must follow in order to be connected to the Internet, so it is necessary to connect to the Internet. A local area network can work with other protocols, a phone line is only a medium and a server is a computer that may be reached by many protocols, so none of those needs TCP/IP in the same way. The answer is the Internet.

Answer: B

ASCII stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange, the code that gives each letter, digit and control character a number, such as 65 for capital A, so that computers can exchange text. The other expansions, American Stock Code, African Standard Code and Adaptable Standard Code for Information Change, are not what the abbreviation means. The answer is American Standard Code for Information Interchange.

Answer: B

Pascal, Java and C++ are programming languages, in which programs are written and then compiled or interpreted. Microsoft Office is a suite of application software, with a word processor, a spreadsheet and a presentation program, so it is not a programming language. The answer is Microsoft Office. Other examples of programming languages are C, BASIC and Python, while Word, Excel and PowerPoint, which belong to the Office suite, are programs that users run to do their work.

Answer: D

The greatest three digit decimal number is 999, so the number of bits needed is the smallest n with \(2^n\) greater than 999:

So 10 bits are needed, since 9 bits can store only the numbers up to 511 and 10 bits go up to 1023. The options 3, 5 and 8 are too few, since 8 bits can hold only numbers up to 255, and 3 would be the number of decimal digits and not of bits. The answer is 10.

Answer: C

Internet Explorer is a web browser, a program used to view web pages on the Internet, that was made by Microsoft. It is not an operating system, which manages the computer, not a compiler, which translates a program, and not an IP address, which is a number that identifies a device on a network. The answer is a browser. Other browsers of the same kind are Firefox, Chrome and Safari, which fetch pages from servers using the hypertext transfer protocol and display them.

Answer: C

POP3 and IMAP are protocols used by e-mail accounts to receive mail from a mail server. The key marks the option that one only has to be connected to the server to send and receive e-mail. The option that one automatically gets mail every day is wrong because mail is received only when the client contacts the server, and the option that no telephone line is needed is wrong because some connection is required. The option that one has to be connected to read or write mail is not the one the key accepts, since with POP3 mail can be read after it is downloaded. The answer is the third option, as the key has it.

Answer: B

The initial efforts for internet-based communication were for military purposes. The Internet began as ARPANET, a network funded by the United States defence department in the late 1960s, to link computers over a network that could survive failures.

Commercial use, personal interaction and political campaigning came later, after the network spread to universities and then to the public.

ARPANET sent its first message in 1969 and was funded by the Advanced Research Projects Agency, which is why military purposes is the answer.