Information and Communication Technology Questions and Answers

Answer: C

Commercial messages on the net are identified as webmercials.

The word joins web and commercial and is used for advertisements that appear on web pages and sites.

Net ads and internet commercials are descriptive phrases and not the term used for this. Viral advertisements are a type of marketing that spreads by being passed from user to user and are a narrower idea than commercial messages in general.

The ending 'mercial' links to commercial, which is a quick way of remembering the term when it appears among the options.

Answer: D

GIF stands for Graphics Interchange Format.

It is an image file format that was introduced in 1987, widely used for small graphics and simple animation on the web, and it supports only 256 colours.

The other expansions are not what the letters stand for: GIF has no word 'Global', 'Information' or 'File' in its name.

It is worth knowing the contrast with JPEG, which supports millions of colours and is better for photographs, whereas GIF is better for logos and flat-colour graphics.

Answer: D

The one that is not an operating system is Firefox.

Firefox is a web browser, an application program that runs on top of an operating system.

IBM AIX and Sun Solaris are versions of Unix, and Linux is an open-source operating system kernel with its distributions. All three manage the hardware and the programs of a computer, which is what an operating system does.

Other examples of programs that are not operating systems are word processors, spreadsheets and media players, all of which are application software.

Answer: C

CLASS stands for Computer Literacy and Studies in Schools.

It is the name of the national project for computer education in schools.

The other expansions change a word, for example Complete Literacy or Computer Literates, and do not match the name of the project.

CLASS was meant to bring computer literacy into schools through the supply of computers and training of teachers, so the word 'Computer' and the word 'Literacy' both belong in the name, which is why the third option is correct and the rest alter one of its words.

Answer: A

FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol. It is the standard network protocol used to copy files between a client and a server over a TCP/IP network, for example uploading web pages to a host.

'Fast Transfer Protocol', 'File Tracking Protocol' and 'File Transfer Procedure' are not real expansions of the acronym; the P in FTP stands for Protocol, so only the first option is correct. Many other protocols, such as HTTP and SMTP, share the same family, so the full name of FTP should be remembered precisely.

Answer: D

GUI is not an image or graphic file format. It stands for Graphical User Interface, the visual way a user interacts with software through windows, icons and menus.

PNG (Portable Network Graphics), GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) and BMP (Bitmap) are all image file formats, so they are not the answer.

Answer: C

The first web browser was World Wide Web. Tim Berners-Lee wrote it in 1990 and it was later renamed Nexus to avoid confusion with the Web itself.

Netscape came in 1994, Internet Explorer in 1995 and Firefox in 2004, so each of them came after the first browser. The correct choice is therefore World Wide Web.

Answer: B

The BIOS is loaded into memory by the ROM. The BIOS (Basic Input Output System) is stored in a ROM or flash chip on the motherboard, and when the machine is switched on its code is read from there and run to test the hardware and start the boot process.

RAM is volatile and empty at power-on, so it cannot load anything by itself. A CD-ROM is read only after the BIOS has started the boot sequence. TCP is a network protocol and plays no part here.

Answer: D

The IP address is not the same as the other three. MAC address, hardware address and physical address are all names for the same thing: the unique identifier burned into a network interface card.

An IP address is a logical address assigned by the network, for example by DHCP, and it can change from network to network. It identifies a device on an IP network and is a different concept from the card's built-in address. The test the question applies is whether the address is fixed to the hardware or assigned by the network.

Answer: C

The valid IP address is 202.50.20.148. An IPv4 address has four numbers separated by dots, and each number runs from 0 to 255.

The first option contains 300 and 317, which exceed 255. The second option uses an at sign instead of a dot and has 417, also above 255. The fourth option separates the numbers with hyphens, not dots, so it is not an IP address. Only the third option meets both rules. Checking the number range and the separator in each option is a quick way to rule out three of the four.