CBSE Assistant Secretary 2024: Assistant Secretary, CBSE Recruitment Examination, Tier 2 (RAS-1124), Academics and Training, Education

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No. of Printed Pages : 7


RAS-1124                                                               •ŸÈ∑˝§◊Ê¥∑§
                                                                           Roll No.


                                                            ATS
                                              EDUCATION / Á‡ÊˇÊʇÊÊSòÊ
                                              Question Paper / ¬˝‡Ÿ-¬òÊ
Time allowed : Three Hours                                                                    Maximum Marks : 320
‚◊ÿ — ÃËŸ ÉÊ¥≈U                                                                              •Áœ∑§Ã◊ •¥∑§ — 320

Question Paper may be detached which can be taken away by the candidate after examination.
¬˝‡Ÿ-¬òÊ •‹ª (ÁflÿÊíÿ) Á∑§ÿÊ ¡Ê ‚∑§ÃÊ „Ò •ÊÒ⁄U ¬⁄UˡÊÊÕ˸ ¬⁄UˡÊÊ ∑§ ©¬⁄Uʥà •¬Ÿ ‚ÊÕ ‹ ¡Ê ‚∑§Ã „Ò¥–


                                                      Part ‘A’ / π¥«U “•”
Part ‘A’ has 15 questions. All questions are compulsory. Each question carries 2 marks.
π¥«U “•” ◊¥ 15 ¬˝‡Ÿ „Ò¥, ÿ ‚÷Ë ¬˝‡Ÿ •ÁŸflÊÿ¸ „Ò¥– ¬˝àÿ∑§ ¬˝‡Ÿ 2 •¥∑§ ∑§Ê „Ò–

1.    Who has written ‘Bhavan Kashi Subodh Ratnakar’ ?

      “÷flŸ ∑§Ê‡ÊË ‚È’Êœ ⁄UàŸÊ∑§⁄U” ∑§Ê Á∑§‚Ÿ Á‹πÊ „Ò?

2.    Who is the founder of Mimansa Darshan ?
      ◊Ë◊Ê¥‚Ê Œ‡Ê¸Ÿ ∑§ ‚¥SÕʬ∑§ ∑§ÊÒŸ „Ò¥?

3.    By which other name is the Mudaliar Education Commission also known as ?
      ◊ÈŒÁ‹ÿÊ⁄U Á‡ÊˇÊÊ •ÊÿÊª ∑§Ê •ãÿ Á∑§‚ ŸÊ◊ ‚ ÷Ë ¡ÊŸÊ ¡ÊÃÊ „Ò?

4.    Who propounded the ‘filtration theory’ in Indian education policy ?
      ÷Ê⁄UÃËÿ Á‡ÊˇÊÊ ŸËÁà ◊¥ “ÁŸSÿ¥ŒŸ Á‚hʥÔ ∑§Ê ¬˝ÁìʌŸ Á∑§‚Ÿ Á∑§ÿÊ?

5.    What are the three essential skills of metacognition ?
      “◊„Ê‚¥ôÊÊŸ” (◊≈UÊ∑§ÊÚÁÇŸ‡ÊŸ) ∑§ ÃËŸ •Êfl‡ÿ∑§ ∑§Ê҇ʋ ÄÿÊ „Ò¥?

RAS-1124 / ATS                                                 1                                   Education

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6.    In Vygotsky’s theory, which tool is considered the most important symbol system ?

      flÊÿªÊàS∑§Ë ∑§ Á‚hʥà ◊¥ Á∑§‚ ©¬∑§⁄UáÊ ∑§Ê ‚’‚ ◊„àfl¬Íáʸ ¬˝ÃË∑§ ¬˝áÊÊ‹Ë ◊ÊŸÊ ¡ÊÃÊ „Ò?


7.    How does ‘Samagra Shiksha’ align with previous government schemes for school education ?

      “‚◊ª˝ Á‡ÊˇÊÊ” Á¬¿U‹Ë ÁfllÊ‹ÿË Á‡ÊˇÊÊ ‚¥’¥ÁœÃ ‚⁄U∑§Ê⁄UË ÿÊ¡ŸÊ•Ê¥ ∑§ ‚ÊÕ ∑Ò§‚ ÃÊ‹◊‹ Á’∆UÊÃË „Ò?


8.    Who propounded the CIPP Model of Curriculum Design ?

      ¬Ê∆Køÿʸ Á«U¡Êߟ ∑§ ‚Ë.•Ê߸.¬Ë.¬Ë. (CIPP) ◊ÊÚ«U‹ ∑§Ê ¬˝ÁìʌŸ Á∑§‚Ÿ Á∑§ÿÊ?


9.    Who gave the concept of ‘spiral curriculum’ ?

      “‚Á¬¸‹ ¬Ê∆Køÿʸ” ∑§Ë •flœÊ⁄UáÊÊ Á∑§‚Ÿ ŒË?


10.   Who wrote this on environmental conservation “There’s enough in the world to meet the needs of
      everyone but there’s not enough to meet the greed of everyone ?”

      ¬ÿʸfl⁄UáÊ ‚¥⁄UˇÊáÊ ¬⁄U ÿ„ Á∑§‚Ÿ Á‹πÊ „Ò ““ŒÈÁŸÿÊ ◊¥ „⁄U Á∑§‚Ë ∑§Ë ¡M§⁄UÃÊ¥ ∑§Ê ¬Í⁄UÊ ∑§⁄UŸ ∑§ Á‹∞ ∑§Ê»§Ë ∑ȧ¿U „Ò ‹Á∑§Ÿ „⁄U
      Á∑§‚Ë ∑§ ‹Ê‹ø ∑§Ê ¬Í⁄UÊ ∑§⁄UŸ ∑§ Á‹∞ ¬ÿʸåà Ÿ„Ë¥ „Ò?””


11.   Who proposed the VARK model classifying the learners ?

      Á‡ÊˇÊÊÁÕ¸ÿÊ¥ ∑§Ê flªË¸∑Χà ∑§⁄UŸ flÊ‹Ê flÊ∑¸§ (VARK) ◊ÊÚ«U‹ Á∑§‚Ÿ ¬˝SÃÊÁflà Á∑§ÿÊ?


12.   Who developed ‘Programmed Instruction’ ?

      •Á÷∑˝§Á◊à •ŸÈŒ‡ÊŸ Á∑§‚Ÿ Áfl∑§Á‚à Á∑§ÿÊ?


13.   What are the six elements of Total Quality Management ?

      ¬Íáʸ ªÈáÊflûÊÊ ¬˝’¥œŸ ∑§ ¿U„ Ãàfl ÄÿÊ „Ò¥?


14.   Which Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) in India specifically aims to eliminate gender disparities
      in education and ensure equal access for vulnerable groups ?

      ÷Ê⁄Uà ◊¥ Á∑§Ÿ ‚ÃØ Áfl∑§Ê‚ ‹ˇÿÊ¥ (∞‚«UË¡Ë) ∑§Ê ©g‡ÿ Áfl‡Ê· M§¬ ‚ Á‡ÊˇÊÊ ◊¥ ‹Ò¥Áª∑§ •‚◊ÊŸÃÊ•Ê¥ ∑§Ê πà◊ ∑§⁄UŸÊ •ÊÒ⁄U
      ∑§◊¡Ê⁄U ‚◊Í„Ê¥ ∑§ Á‹∞ ‚◊ÊŸ ¬„È¥ø ‚ÈÁŸÁ‡øà ∑§⁄UŸÊ „Ò?

RAS-1124 / ATS                                                    2                                                  Education

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15.   Tribal people protect patches of forest that are dedicated to deities or ancestral spirits. These areas
      are rich in biodiversity and contain endangered and endemic species. These are known as _________.
      •ÊÁŒflÊ‚Ë ‹Êª ¡¥ª‹ ∑§ ©Ÿ Á„S‚Ê¥ ∑§Ë ⁄UˇÊÊ ∑§⁄UÃ „Ò¥ ¡Ê ŒflÃÊ•Ê¥ ÿÊ ¬ÒÃÎ∑§ •Êà◊Ê•Ê¥ ∑§Ê ‚◊Á¬¸Ã „Ò¥– ÿ ˇÊòÊ ¡Òfl ÁflÁflœÃÊ
      ‚ ‚◊ÎŒ˜œ „Ò¥ •ÊÒ⁄U ߟ◊¥ ‹Èåì˝Êÿ •ÊÒ⁄U SÕÊÁŸ∑§ ¬˝¡ÊÁÃÿÊ° „Ò¥– ßã„¥ _________ ∑§ M§¬ ◊¥ ¡ÊŸÊ ¡ÊÃÊ „Ò–


                                                       Part ‘B’ / π¥«U “’”
Part ‘B’ has 25 questions. Out of which any 20 questions are to be answered. Each question carries
5 marks. The question may be answered in maximum 30 words.
π¥«U “’” ◊¥ 25 ¬˝‡Ÿ „Ò¥, Á¡Ÿ◊¥ ‚ Á∑§ã„Ë¥ 20 ¬˝‡ŸÊ¥ ∑§ ©ûÊ⁄U ŒŸ „Ò¥– ¬˝àÿ∑§ ¬˝‡Ÿ 5 •¥∑§ ∑§Ê „Ò– ¬˝‡Ÿ ∑§Ê ©ûÊ⁄U •Áœ∑§Ã◊
30 ‡ÊéŒÊ¥ ◊¥ ÁŒÿÊ ¡Ê ‚∑§ÃÊ „Ò–

16.   What was the meaning of ‘Agrahara’ ?
      “•ª˝„Ê⁄U” ∑§Ê ÄÿÊ ÃÊà¬ÿ¸ ÕÊ?

17.   What is ‘generalizability’ in research ?
      ‡ÊÊœ ◊¥ ‚Ê◊ÊãÿË∑§⁄UáÊ ÄÿÊ „Ò?

18.   What is ‘normal distribution’ in statistics ?
      ‚Ê¥ÁÅÿ∑§Ë ◊¥ ‚Ê◊Êãÿ ÁflÃ⁄UáÊ ÄÿÊ „Ò?

19.   What is intervening variable ?
      ◊äÿflÃ˸ ø⁄U ÄÿÊ „Ò?

20.   What is common in between fluid and crystallized intelligence ?
      “ç‹Íß«U” •ÊÒ⁄U “Á∑˝§S≈U‹Ë∑ΧÔ ’ÈÁh ∑§ ‚¥’¥œ ◊¥ ÄÿÊ ’Êà ∞∑§‚◊ÊŸ „Ò?

21.   Describe in brief, the stages of psychosexual development according to Freud.
      »˝§Êÿ«U ∑§ •ŸÈ‚Ê⁄U ◊ŸÊ‹Ò¥Áª∑§ Áfl∑§Ê‚ ∑§ ø⁄UáÊÊ¥ ∑§Ê ‚¥ˇÊ¬ ◊¥ ©À‹π ∑§⁄¥U–

22.   How does article 45 of the constitution relate with education ?
      ‚¥ÁflœÊŸ ∑§Ê •ŸÈë¿UŒ 45 Á∑§‚ ¬˝∑§Ê⁄U Á‡ÊˇÊÊ ‚ ‚ê’¥ÁœÃ „Ò?

23.   What do you mean by autocratic style of leadership ?
      ŸÃÎàfl ∑§Ë ÁŸ⁄U¥∑ȧ‡Ê ‡ÊÒ‹Ë ‚ •Ê¬ ÄÿÊ ‚◊¤ÊÃ „Ò¥?

RAS-1124 / ATS                                                     3                                             Education

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24.   Differentiate in between cognitive and behavioral views of learning in terms of what is learned
      and the role of reinforcement.
      ÄÿÊ ‚ËπÊ •ÊÒ⁄U ¬ÈŸ’¸‹Ÿ ∑§Ë ÷ÍÁ◊∑§Ê ∑§ ‚¥Œ÷¸ ◊¥ ‚ËπŸ ∑§ ‚¥ôÊÊŸÊà◊∑§ •ÊÒ⁄U √ÿfl„ÊÁ⁄U∑§ ÁfløÊ⁄UÊ¥ ∑§ ’Ëø •ãÃ⁄U ∑§⁄¥U–

25.   How does systematic sampling differ from the stratified random sampling ?
      ∑˝§◊’h ¬˝ÁÃøÿŸ ÁflÁœ SÃ⁄UË∑Χà ÿÊŒÎÁë¿U∑§ ¬˝ÁÃøÿŸ ÁflÁœ ‚ Á∑§‚ ¬˝∑§Ê⁄U Á÷㟠„Ò?

26.   What are the main functions of hypothesis in a scientific inquiry ?
      flÒôÊÊÁŸ∑§ ‡ÊÊœ ◊¥ ¬Á⁄U∑§À¬ŸÊ ∑§ ◊ÈÅÿ ∑§Êÿ¸ ÄÿÊ „Ò¥?

27.   How will you differentiate between negative reinforcement and punishment ?
      Ÿ∑§Ê⁄UÊà◊∑§ ¬ÈŸ’¸‹Ÿ •ÊÒ⁄U ‚$¡Ê ◊¥ •Ê¬ ∑Ò§‚ •¥Ã⁄U ∑§⁄¥Uª?

28.   What is learning disability ?
      ‚ËπŸ ◊¥ •ˇÊ◊ÃÊ ÄÿÊ „Ò?

29.   What is content validity ?
      Áfl·ÿ flÒœÃÊ (content validity) ÄÿÊ „Ò?

30.   What is meant by informal education ?
      •ŸÊÒ¬øÊÁ⁄U∑§ Á‡ÊˇÊÊ ‚ ÄÿÊ •Á÷¬˝Êÿ „Ò?

31.   Write down any three main characteristics of an inclusive classroom ?
      ‚◊Êfl‡ÊË ∑§ˇÊÊ ∑§Ë ∑§Ê߸ ÃËŸ Áfl‡Ê·ÃÊ∞° Á‹Áπ∞–

32.   Explain the Competency-Based Model of curriculum design and its relevance in modern education.
      ¬Ê∆Køÿʸ Á«U¡Êߟ ∑§ ÿÊÇÿÃÊ-•ÊœÊÁ⁄Uà ◊ÊÚ«U‹ •ÊÒ⁄U •ÊœÈÁŸ∑§ Á‡ÊˇÊÊ ◊¥ ß‚∑§Ë ¬˝Ê‚¥Áª∑§ÃÊ ∑§Ë √ÿÊÅÿÊ ∑§⁄¥U–

33.   Who are the ‘Tirthankaras’ ?
      “ÃËÕZ∑§⁄U” ∑§ÊÒŸ „Ò¥?

34.   ‘Vidya Pravesh’ module has been developed to achieve which objectives ?
      “ÁfllÊ ¬˝fl‡Ê” ◊ÊÚ«KÍ‹ Á∑§‚ ©g‡ÿ ∑§Ê ¬˝Êåà ∑§⁄UŸ ∑§ Á‹∞ Áfl∑§Á‚à Á∑§ÿÊ ªÿÊ „Ò?

RAS-1124 / ATS                                                     4                                             Education

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35.   Define Educational Technology.
      ‡ÊÒÁˇÊ∑§ Ã∑§ŸË∑§Ë ∑§Ê ¬Á⁄U÷ÊÁ·Ã ∑§⁄¥U–

36.   What are the Type I and Type II errors in research ?
      ‡ÊÊœ ◊¥ ≈UÊ߬ I •ÊÒ⁄U ≈UÊ߬ II òÊÈÁ≈UÿÊ° ÄÿÊ „Ò¥?

37.   What are the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and agenda adopted at the United Nations
      Sustainable Development Summit ?
      ‚¥ÿÈÄà ⁄UÊc≈˛U ‚ÃØ Áfl∑§Ê‚ Á‡Êπ⁄U ‚ê◊‹Ÿ ◊¥ •¬ŸÊ∞ ª∞ ‚Ãà Áfl∑§Ê‚ ‹ˇÿ (∞‚«UË¡Ë) •ÊÒ⁄U ∞¡¥«UÊ ÄÿÊ „Ò¥?

38.   What is ‘differentiated instructions’ ?
      “Áfl÷ÁŒÃ ÁŸŒ¸‡ÊŸ” ÄÿÊ „Ò?

39.   What is the ‘Buddy System’ in inclusive schools ?
      ‚◊Êfl‡ÊË S∑ͧ‹Ê¥ ◊¥ “’«UË/‚ÊÕË √ÿflSÕÊ” ÄÿÊ „Ò?

40.   What is ‘cognitive load’, and how does it impact information processing ?
      “‚¥ôÊÊŸÊà◊∑§ ÷Ê⁄U” ÄÿÊ „Ò •ÊÒ⁄U ÿ„ ‚ÍøŸÊ ¬˝‚¥S∑§⁄UáÊ ∑§Ê ∑Ò§‚ ¬˝÷ÊÁflà ∑§⁄UÃÊ „Ò?


                                                            Part ‘C’ / π¥«U “‚”
Part ‘C’ has 12 questions. Out of which any 10 questions are to be answered. Each question carries
10 marks. The question may be answered in maximum 100 words.
π¥«U “‚” ◊¥ 12 ¬˝‡Ÿ „Ò¥, Á¡Ÿ◊¥ ‚ Á∑§ã„Ë¥ 10 ¬˝‡ŸÊ¥ ∑§ ©ûÊ⁄U ŒŸ „Ò¥– ¬˝àÿ∑§ ¬˝‡Ÿ 10 •¥∑§ ∑§Ê „Ò– ¬˝‡Ÿ ∑§Ê ©ûÊ⁄U •Áœ∑§Ã◊
100 ‡ÊéŒÊ¥ ◊¥ ÁŒÿÊ ¡Ê ‚∑§ÃÊ „Ò–

41.   What are the four principles of scientific management theory ?
      flÒôÊÊÁŸ∑§ ¬˝’¥œŸ Á‚hʥà ∑§ øÊ⁄U ÁŸÿ◊ ÄÿÊ „Ò¥?

42.   What were the main objectives of ‘Janshala programme’ ?
      “¡Ÿ‡ÊÊ‹Ê ∑§Êÿ¸∑˝§◊” ∑§ ◊ÈÅÿ ©g‡ÿ ÄÿÊ Õ?

43.   What are the social implications of Gandhiji’s basic education ?
      ªÊ°œË¡Ë ∑§Ë ’ÈÁŸÿÊŒË Á‡ÊˇÊÊ ∑§ ‚Ê◊ÊÁ¡∑§ ÁŸÁ„ÃÊÕ¸ ÄÿÊ „Ò¥?


RAS-1124 / ATS                                                       5                                      Education

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44.   How is reflection a tool for “Deep Learning” ?

      Áø¥ÃŸ ““ª„Ÿ Á‡ÊˇÊÊ”” ∑§ Á‹∞ ∞∑§ ©¬∑§⁄UáÊ ∑Ò§‚ „Ò?


45.   What are the Panchakosha Vikas (Five-fold Development) in Indian Tradition ?

      ÷Ê⁄UÃËÿ ¬⁄¥U¬⁄UÊ ◊¥ ¬¥ø∑§Ê‡Ê Áfl∑§Ê‚ (¬¥øªÈáÊ Áfl∑§Ê‚) ÄÿÊ „¥Ò?


46.   What is the National Curricular and Pedagogical Framework for Early Childhood Care and
      Education (NCPFECCE) as per National Education Policy 2020 ?

      ⁄UÊc≈˛UËÿ Á‡ÊˇÊÊ ŸËÁà 2020 ∑§ •ŸÈ‚Ê⁄U National Curricular and Pedagogical Framework for Early Childhood
      Care and Education (NCPFECCE) ∞Ÿ.‚Ë.¬Ë.∞»§.߸.‚Ë.‚Ë.߸. ÄÿÊ „Ò?



47.   ‘Environmental Impact Assessment’ is an important tool which is extensively used in the
      environmental management. Discuss briefly.

      “¬ÿʸfl⁄UáÊËÿ ¬˝÷Êfl •Ê∑§‹Ÿ” ∞∑§ ◊„àfl¬Íáʸ ©¬∑§⁄UáÊ „Ò Á¡Ÿ∑§Ê ©¬ÿÊª ¬ÿʸfl⁄UáÊ ¬˝’¥œŸ ◊¥ ’«∏ ¬Ò◊ÊŸ ¬⁄U Á∑§ÿÊ ¡ÊÃÊ „Ò–
      ‚¥ˇÊ¬ ◊¥ øøʸ ∑§⁄¥U–


48.   Differentiate between ‘technology in education’ and ‘technology of education’.

      “Á‡ÊˇÊÊ ◊¥ ¬˝ÊÒlÊÁª∑§Ë” •ÊÒ⁄U “Á‡ÊˇÊÊ ∑§Ë ¬˝ÊÒlÊÁª∑§Ë” ∑§ ’Ëø •¥Ã⁄U ’ÃÊ∞¥–


49.   What is Flanders’ Interaction Analysis and, how is it used in the assessment of Andragogy ?

      $ç‹Ò¥«U‚¸ ߥ≈U⁄Ućʟ Áfl‡‹·áÊ ÄÿÊ „Ò •ÊÒ⁄U, ß‚∑§Ê ©¬ÿÊª ∞¥«˛UʪÊÚ¡Ë ∑§ •Ê∑§‹Ÿ ◊¥ ∑Ò§‚ Á∑§ÿÊ ¡ÊÃÊ „Ò?


50.   What is the concept of triangulation in qualitative data analysis ?

      ªÈáÊÊà◊∑§ •Ê¥∑§«∏Ê¥ ∑§ Áfl‡‹·áÊ ◊¥ ÁòÊ∑§ÊŸËÿ∑§⁄UáÊ ∑§Ë •flœÊ⁄UáÊÊ ÄÿÊ „Ò?


51.   What is the ‘Discipline-Based Model’ of curriculum design ?

      ¬Ê∆Køÿʸ Á«U¡Êߟ ∑§Ê “Áfl·ÿ •ÊœÊÁ⁄Uà ◊ÊÚ«U‹” ÄÿÊ „Ò?


52.   What are the key differences between parametric and non-parametric techniques ?

      ‚Ê¥ÁÅÿ∑§Ëÿ Áfl‡‹·áÊ ∑§Ë ¬˝ÊøÊ‹Ëÿ ÃÕÊ •¬˝ÊøÊ‹Ëÿ ÁflÁœÿÊ¥ ∑§ ’Ëø ◊ÈÅÿ •¥Ã⁄U ÄÿÊ „Ò¥?

RAS-1124 / ATS                                                       6                                            Education

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                                                        Part ‘D’ / π¥«U “Œ”
Part ‘D’ has 5 questions. Out of which any 3 questions are to be answered. Each question carries
30 marks. The question may be answered in maximum 300 words.
π¥«U “Œ” ◊¥ 5 ¬˝‡Ÿ „Ò¥, Á¡Ÿ◊¥ ‚ Á∑§ã„Ë¥ 3 ¬˝‡ŸÊ¥ ∑§ ©ûÊ⁄U ŒŸ „Ò¥– ¬˝àÿ∑§ ¬˝‡Ÿ 30 •¥∑§ ∑§Ê „Ò– ¬˝‡Ÿ ∑§Ê ©ûÊ⁄U •Áœ∑§Ã◊
300 ‡ÊéŒÊ¥ ◊¥ ÁŒÿÊ ¡Ê ‚∑§ÃÊ „Ò–

53.   Write a critical note on India’s rich knowledge traditions as reflected in the Ancient and Medieval
      times.
      ¬˝ÊøËŸ •ÊÒ⁄U ◊äÿÿȪ˟ ∑§Ê‹ ◊¥ ¬Á⁄U‹ÁˇÊà ÷Ê⁄Uà ∑§Ë ‚◊Îh ôÊÊŸ ¬⁄¥U¬⁄UÊ•Ê¥ ¬⁄U ∞∑§ •Ê‹ÊøŸÊà◊∑§ Á≈Uå¬áÊË Á‹π¥–

54.   Explain the techniques of vocational guidance.
      √ÿÊfl‚ÊÁÿ∑§ ÁŸŒ¸‡ÊŸ ∑§Ë Ã∑§ŸË∑§Ê¥ ∑§Ë √ÿÊÅÿÊ ∑§ËÁ¡∞–

55.   Why is mental health and well being of learners important ? How can teachers and parents play
      their role in ensuring the same among the learners ?
      Á‡ÊˇÊÊÁÕ¸ÿÊ¥ ∑§Ê ◊ÊŸÁ‚∑§ SflÊSâÿ •ÊÒ⁄U πÈ‡Ê„Ê‹Ë ÄÿÊ¥ ◊„ûfl¬Íáʸ „Ò? Á‡ÊˇÊ∑§ •ÊÒ⁄U ◊ÊÃÊ-Á¬ÃÊ Á‡ÊˇÊÊÁÕ¸ÿÊ¥ ∑§ ’Ëø ß‚ ‚ÈÁŸÁ‡øÃ
      ∑§⁄UŸ ◊¥ •¬ŸË ÷ÍÁ◊∑§Ê ∑Ò§‚ ÁŸ÷Ê ‚∑§Ã „Ò¥?

56.   Discuss the conditions and processes of environmental sustainability.
      ¬ÿʸfl⁄áÊËÿ ÁSÕ⁄UÃÊ ∑§Ë ÁSÕÁÃÿÊ¥ •ÊÒ⁄U ¬˝Á∑˝§ÿÊ•Ê¥ ¬⁄U øøʸ ∑§⁄¥U–

57.   What are the emerging trends and challenges in e-Learning ?
      ߸-‹ÁŸZª ◊¥ ©÷⁄UÃ L§¤ÊÊŸ •ÊÒ⁄U øÈŸÊÒÁÃÿÊ° ÄÿÊ „Ò¥?

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RAS-1124 / ATS                                                      7                                            Education