Deriving Conclusions from Passages Questions and Answers

Answer: E

Correct answer: Both I and II follow

The advice is conditional: buy it if price and quality are your considerations. That recommendation only makes sense if the product satisfies both tests.

• I - follows. Quality is one of the two stated considerations, so the product must meet it.
• II - follows. Price is the other, so it must be reasonable.

Had the statement mentioned only one of the two, the other conclusion would fail; here the sentence names both.

Answer: E

Correct answer: Both I and II follow

The statement says the world is neither good nor evil and that each man manufactures a world for himself. If the quality of the world is supplied by the individual rather than by the world itself, then individuals must differ in what they make of it.

• I - follows. Some will manufacture a good world.
• II - follows. Some will manufacture a bad one.

Note that both conclusions are hedged with some. A conclusion claiming all people find the world good would not follow.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Only conclusion I follows

The statement pairs a gift with an obligation: a good voice is natural, but one has to keep practising to improve and excel.

• I - follows. That is exactly the point: a natural gift still needs nurturing.
• II - does not follow. The statement speaks only of someone who already has a good voice. It says nothing about what practice can do for a poor voice, so the extension is the reader’s, not the writer’s.

Answer: E

Correct answer: Neither I nor II follows

The statement gives one direction only: all organised persons find time for rest. It does not say that everyone who finds time for rest is organised, and reversing a universal statement like this is invalid.

• I - does not follow. Sunita finding time for rest places her in the larger group, not necessarily in the group of organised persons. Compare: all cats are animals, but an animal need not be a cat.
• II - does not follow. A busy schedule is mentioned, but industriousness is a different quality and is nowhere asserted.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Only conclusion II follows

Until X, Y would be meaningless makes economic equality the precondition for political freedom and democracy having any real content.

• II - follows. It restates that precondition: economic equality is what gives political freedom and democracy substance.
• I - does not follow. The statement mentions freedom and democracy together, but naming two things in one breath is not a claim that they always accompany each other.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Only conclusion II follows

The claim made is about company X’s own cameras: quality and latest design, so that no shot is spoilt irrespective of the weather conditions.

• II - follows. That is a direct restatement - an acceptable shot can be taken in any weather.
• I - does not follow. Praising one company says nothing about the others. A claim about X is not a claim that X is unique.

Answer: D

Correct answer: Neither I nor II follows

The first sentence gives wisdom as a necessary condition for being a good wrangler, not a sufficient one: every good wrangler is wise, but not every wise man is a wrangler.

• II - does not follow. It reverses that relation outright.
• I - does not follow. Boring is asserted of good wranglers. Since only some wise persons are wranglers, the property cannot be carried back to all wise persons.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Only conclusion II follows

Read the second sentence carefully: most of the unorganised workforce earns either the minimum or uncertain wages.

• II - follows. Those on the minimum wage are on a regular, fixed income, and they are part of the unorganised sector. So some workers there do have fixed earnings.
• I - does not follow. The statement describes the unorganised sector only. Nothing is said about facilities or job tenure in the organised sector, so the comparison is imported.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Only conclusion II follows

The state provides 150 beds per thousand against a norm of 100 - half as many again as required.

• II - follows. Exceeding the norm is evidence that the state’s health system is taking adequate care on this measure.
• I - does not follow. The statement reports what the norm is, not whether it is well chosen. Judging the norm appropriate would need evidence about health needs, which is not given.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Only conclusion I follows

The statement observes a fact of succession: the old order changed and gave place to the new.

• I - follows. Describing change as something the old order undergoes is a general observation about how things go, which is what conclusion I states.
• II - does not follow. This is advice, not observation, and it adds a reason the statement never gives. That the old yields place does not mean age alone is grounds for discarding an idea.