Deriving Conclusions from Passages Questions and Answers

Q: Statement : Water supply in wards A and B of the city will be affected by about 50% on Friday because repairing work of the main lines is to be carried out. Conclusions: I. The residents in these wards should economise on water on Friday. II. The residents in these wards should store some water on the previous day.

Correct answer: Both I and II followThe notice warns of a known, dated, temporary shortfall - supply down by about half on Friday because the mains are being repaired. A warning issued in advance exists so that people can prepare.I - follows. Less water on the day means using it sparingly.II - follows. The shortage is announced beforehand, so storing water the previous day is the obvious preparation.

Q: Statement : Modern man influences his destiny by the choice he makes unlike in the past. Conclusions: I. Earlier there were fewer options available to man. II. There was no desire in the past to influence the destiny.

Correct answer: Only conclusion I followsUnlike in the past is doing the work here. Modern man shapes his destiny by the choice he makes, and that is said to distinguish him from earlier man - so earlier man had less to choose from.I - follows. Fewer options is exactly what the contrast asserts.II - does not follow. The statement contrasts the availability of choice, not the desire for it. Wanting to influence one’s destiny and being able to are different things.

Q: Statement : People who speak too much against dowry are those who had taken it themselves. Conclusions: I. It is easier said than done. II. People have double standards.

Correct answer: Both I and II followThe statement points at people who denounce dowry loudly and yet took it themselves - a gap between what they say and what they do.I - follows. That gap is precisely what easier said than done describes.II - follows. Condemning in public what one has practised in private is a double standard.

Q: Statement : Money plays a vital role in politics. Conclusions: I. The poor can never become politicians. II. All the rich men take part in politics.

Correct answer: Neither I nor II followsMoney plays a vital role says money matters. It does not say money is the only thing that matters, nor that everyone with money uses it this way.I - does not follow. Never is far stronger than vital role. An important factor is not an absolute barrier.II - does not follow. That money helps in politics is no reason to think all rich men enter politics.Both conclusions fail on the same fault: replacing a statement of degree with an absolute.

Q: Statement : The interview panel may select a candidate who neither possesses the desired qualification nor the values and attributes. Conclusions : I. The inclusion of specialists on the interview panel does not guarantee that the selection will be proper. II. The interview test has certain limitations in the matter of selection of candidates.

Correct answer: Both I and II followThe statement concedes that the panel may select someone lacking both the qualification and the values sought - that is, the method can produce a wrong result.II - follows. A method that can produce the wrong result has limitations.I - follows. The admission covers the panel as such. Adding specialists to it does not remove the possibility, so their presence guarantees nothing.

Q: Statement : In case of outstanding candidates, the condition of previous experience of social work may be waived by the admission committee for M.A. (Social Work). Conclusions : I. Some of the students for M.A. (social work) will have previous experience of social work. II. Some of the students of M.A. (social work) will not have previous experience of social work

Correct answer: Both I and II followThe rule is that previous experience is normally required, but may be waived for outstanding candidates. A waiver implies both a default and an exception.I - follows. Candidates admitted under the ordinary condition will have the experience.II - follows. Those admitted under the waiver will not.Both conclusions say some, which is what a rule with exceptions supports.

Q: Statement : Industrial Revolution which first of all started in Europe has brought about modern age. Conclusions : I. Disparity between rich and poor results in revolution. II. Revolution overhauls society.

Correct answer: Only conclusion II followsThe statement credits the Industrial Revolution with bringing about the modern age - a revolution that remade society.II - follows. That is a general form of the same claim: revolution overhauls society.I - does not follow. The statement says nothing about what causes revolutions. Disparity between rich and poor is never mentioned, and a cause cannot be inferred from an effect.

Q: Statement : Modern man influences his destiny by the choice he makes unlike in the past. Conclusions : I. Earlier there were less options available to man. II. There was no desire in the past to influence the destiny.

Correct answer: Only conclusion I followsUnlike in the past is doing the work here. Modern man shapes his destiny by the choice he makes, and that is said to distinguish him from earlier man - so earlier man had less to choose from.I - follows. Fewer options is exactly what the contrast asserts.II - does not follow. The statement contrasts the availability of choice, not the desire for it. Wanting to influence one’s destiny and being able to are different things.

Q: Statement : Fortune favours the brave. Conclusions : I. Risks are necessary for success. II. Cowards die many times before their death

Correct answer: Only conclusion I followsThe proverb says fortune favours the brave - good outcomes go to those willing to take risks.I - follows. If fortune attaches to bravery, then risk-taking is needed for success.II - does not follow. This is a separate saying about cowards, and the statement makes no claim about what happens to them. Praising one group does not describe the fate of the other.

Q: Statement : Vegetable prices are soaring in the market. Conclusions : I. Vegetables are becoming a rare commodity. II. People cannot eat vegetables.

Correct answer: Neither I nor II followsOnly one fact is given: prices are rising.I - does not follow. Scarcity is one possible cause of a price rise, but so are transport costs, taxes, hoarding and higher demand. A cause cannot be picked out from the effect alone.II - does not follow. Expensive is not the same as unaffordable, and cannot eat is an absolute the statement nowhere supports.

Direction for [ Question No: 11 To 20 ] :

In each of the following questions, a statement is given, followed by two conclusions.
Give answer
(a) if only conclusion I follows,
(b) if only conclusion II follows,
(c) if either I or II follows,
(d) if neither I nor II follows,
(e) if both I and II follow

11.

Statement : Water supply in wards A and B of the city will be affected by about 50% on Friday because repairing work of the main lines is to be carried out.

Conclusions:

I. The residents in these wards should economise on water on Friday.
II. The residents in these wards should store some water on the previous day.

A.Only conclusion I follows
B.Only conclusion II follows
C.Either I or II follows
D.Neither I nor II follows
E.Both I and II follow

Answer: E

Correct answer: Both I and II follow

The notice warns of a known, dated, temporary shortfall - supply down by about half on Friday because the mains are being repaired. A warning issued in advance exists so that people can prepare.

I - follows. Less water on the day means using it sparingly.
II - follows. The shortage is announced beforehand, so storing water the previous day is the obvious preparation.

Discuss in Forum

12.

Statement : Modern man influences his destiny by the choice he makes unlike in the past.

Conclusions:
I. Earlier there were fewer options available to man.
II. There was no desire in the past to influence the destiny.

A.Only conclusion I follows
B.Only conclusion II follows
C.Either I or II follows
D.Neither I nor II follows
E.Both I and II follow

Answer: A

Correct answer: Only conclusion I follows

Unlike in the past is doing the work here. Modern man shapes his destiny by the choice he makes, and that is said to distinguish him from earlier man - so earlier man had less to choose from.

I - follows. Fewer options is exactly what the contrast asserts.
II - does not follow. The statement contrasts the availability of choice, not the desire for it. Wanting to influence one’s destiny and being able to are different things.

Discuss in Forum

13.

Statement : People who speak too much against dowry are those who had taken it themselves.

Conclusions:
I. It is easier said than done.
II. People have double standards.

A.Only conclusion I follows
B.Only conclusion II follows
C.Either I or II follows
D.Neither I nor II follows
E.Both I and II follow

Answer: E

Correct answer: Both I and II follow

The statement points at people who denounce dowry loudly and yet took it themselves - a gap between what they say and what they do.

I - follows. That gap is precisely what easier said than done describes.
II - follows. Condemning in public what one has practised in private is a double standard.

Discuss in Forum

14.

Statement : Money plays a vital role in politics.

Conclusions:
I. The poor can never become politicians.
II. All the rich men take part in politics.

A.Only conclusion I follows
B.Only conclusion II follows
C.Either I or II follows
D.Neither I nor II follows
E.Both I and II follow

Answer: D

Correct answer: Neither I nor II follows

Money plays a vital role says money matters. It does not say money is the only thing that matters, nor that everyone with money uses it this way.

I - does not follow. Never is far stronger than vital role. An important factor is not an absolute barrier.
II - does not follow. That money helps in politics is no reason to think all rich men enter politics.

Both conclusions fail on the same fault: replacing a statement of degree with an absolute.

Discuss in Forum

15.

Statement : The interview panel may select a candidate who neither possesses the desired qualification nor the values and attributes.

Conclusions :
I. The inclusion of specialists on the interview panel does not guarantee that the selection will be proper.
II. The interview test has certain limitations in the matter of selection of candidates.

A.Only conclusion I follows
B.Only conclusion II follows
C.Either I or II follows
D.Neither I nor II follows
E.Both I and II follow

Answer: E

Correct answer: Both I and II follow

The statement concedes that the panel may select someone lacking both the qualification and the values sought - that is, the method can produce a wrong result.

II - follows. A method that can produce the wrong result has limitations.
I - follows. The admission covers the panel as such. Adding specialists to it does not remove the possibility, so their presence guarantees nothing.

Discuss in Forum

16.

Statement : In case of outstanding candidates, the condition of previous experience of social work may be waived by the admission committee for M.A. (Social Work).

Conclusions :
I. Some of the students for M.A. (social work) will have previous experience of social work.
II. Some of the students of M.A. (social work) will not have previous experience of social work

A.Only conclusion I follows
B.Only conclusion II follows
C.Either I or II follows
D.Neither I nor II follows
E.Both I and II follow

Answer: E

Correct answer: Both I and II follow

The rule is that previous experience is normally required, but may be waived for outstanding candidates. A waiver implies both a default and an exception.

I - follows. Candidates admitted under the ordinary condition will have the experience.
II - follows. Those admitted under the waiver will not.

Both conclusions say some, which is what a rule with exceptions supports.

Discuss in Forum

17.

Statement : Industrial Revolution which first of all started in Europe has brought about modern age.

Conclusions :
I. Disparity between rich and poor results in revolution.
II. Revolution overhauls society.

A.Only conclusion I follows
B.Only conclusion II follows
C.Either I or II follows
D.Neither I nor II follows
E.Both I and II follow

Answer: B

Correct answer: Only conclusion II follows

The statement credits the Industrial Revolution with bringing about the modern age - a revolution that remade society.

II - follows. That is a general form of the same claim: revolution overhauls society.
I - does not follow. The statement says nothing about what causes revolutions. Disparity between rich and poor is never mentioned, and a cause cannot be inferred from an effect.

Discuss in Forum

18.

Statement : Modern man influences his destiny by the choice he makes unlike in the past.
Conclusions :
I. Earlier there were less options available to man.
II. There was no desire in the past to influence the destiny.

A.Only conclusion I follows
B.Only conclusion II follows
C.Either I or II follows
D.Neither I nor II follows
E.Both I and II follow

Answer: A

Correct answer: Only conclusion I follows

Unlike in the past is doing the work here. Modern man shapes his destiny by the choice he makes, and that is said to distinguish him from earlier man - so earlier man had less to choose from.

I - follows. Fewer options is exactly what the contrast asserts.
II - does not follow. The statement contrasts the availability of choice, not the desire for it. Wanting to influence one’s destiny and being able to are different things.

Discuss in Forum

19.

Statement : Fortune favours the brave.

Conclusions :
I. Risks are necessary for success.
II. Cowards die many times before their death

A.Only conclusion I follows
B.Only conclusion II follows
C.Either I or II follows
D.Neither I nor II follows
E.Both I and II follow

Answer: A

Correct answer: Only conclusion I follows

The proverb says fortune favours the brave - good outcomes go to those willing to take risks.

I - follows. If fortune attaches to bravery, then risk-taking is needed for success.
II - does not follow. This is a separate saying about cowards, and the statement makes no claim about what happens to them. Praising one group does not describe the fate of the other.

Discuss in Forum

20.

Statement : Vegetable prices are soaring in the market.
Conclusions :
I. Vegetables are becoming a rare commodity.
II. People cannot eat vegetables.

A.Only conclusion I follows
B.Only conclusion II follows
C.Either I or II follows
D.Neither I nor II follows
E.Both I and II follow

Answer: D

Correct answer: Neither I nor II follows

Only one fact is given: prices are rising.

I - does not follow. Scarcity is one possible cause of a price rise, but so are transport costs, taxes, hoarding and higher demand. A cause cannot be picked out from the effect alone.
II - does not follow. Expensive is not the same as unaffordable, and cannot eat is an absolute the statement nowhere supports.

Discuss in Forum

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Deriving Conclusions from Passages Questions and Answers

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