In each question below is given a statement followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then consider the two conclusions together and decide which of them logically follows beyond a reasonable doubt from the information given in the statement.
Give answer:
Statements: Fortune favours the brave.
Conclusions:
1. Risks are necessary for success.
2. Cowards die many times before their death
Answer: A
Correct answer: Only conclusion I follows
If fortune goes to the brave, then venturing something - taking a risk - is what success requires, which is conclusion I. Conclusion II is a separate saying about cowards, not drawn from this one. Only I follows.
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Statements: Irregularity is a cause for failure in exams. Some regular students fail in the examinations.
Conclusions:
1. All failed students are regular.
2. All successful students are not regular.
Answer: D
The given statement clearly implies that all irregular and some regular students fail in the examinations. This, in turn, means that all successful students are regular but not all regular students are successful. So, neither I nor II follows.
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Statements: In case of outstanding candidates, the condition of previous experience of social work may be waived by the admission committee for M.A. (Social work).
Conclusions:
1. Some of the students for M.A. (Social work) will have previous experience of social work.
2. Some of the students for M.A. (Social work) will not have previous experience of social work.
Answer: E
According to the statement, previous experience is an essential condition for candidates but in case of outstanding candidates, this condition shall be waived. This means that some candidates will have previous experience while some will not. So, both I and II follow.
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Statements: Today out of the world population of several thousand million, the majority of men have to live under governments which refuse them personal liberty and the right to dissent.
Conclusions:
1. People are indifferent to personal liberty and the right to dissent.
2. People desire personal liberty and the right to dissent.
Answer: B
It is mentioned in the statement that most people are forced to live under Governments which refuse them personal liberty and the right to dissent. This means that they are not indifferent to these rights but have a desire for them. So, only II follows.
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Statements: Double your money in five months - An advertisement.
Conclusions:
1. The assurance is not genuine.
2. People want their money to grow.
Answer: B
The authenticity of the given statement cannot be deduced. So, I does not follow. Since, the advertisement talks of quick returns, it implies that people want their money to grow, as an advertisement always imbibes comments and features that attract the attention of the people immediately. So, II follows.
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Statements: The XYZ Medical College has started a cell which will conduct counselling workshops in the field of stress management to patients and general public.
Conclusions:
1. The hospital has needed resources to start such activity.
2. Patients and general public feel a need to have such cell in the hospital.
Answer: E
Correct answer: Both I and II follow
A college does not start such a cell unless it has the staff and space to run it - conclusion I - and it would not start one unless there were a demand for it, which is conclusion II. Both follow.
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Statements: The Prime Minister emphatically stated that his government will make every possible effort for the upliftment of poor farmers and farmhands.
Conclusions:
1. Except poor farmers and farmhands, all others have got benefits of fruits of development.
2. No serious efforts have been made in the past for upliftment of any section of the society.
Answer: D
Correct answer: Neither I nor II follows
Conclusion I claims that everyone else has already benefited, and conclusion II that nothing was ever attempted before - both far stronger than a promise to work for one group. A government may help the poor without either being true. Neither follows.
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Statements: A neurotic is a non-stupid person who behaves stupidly.
Conclusions:
1. Neuroticism and stupidity go hand in hand.
2. Normal persons behave intelligently.
Answer: A
Correct answer: Only conclusion I follows
The neurotic is defined by behaving stupidly, so in practice the two go together - which is what conclusion I says. Conclusion II describes normal people, of whom the statement says nothing at all. Only I follows.
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Statements: We should inform all our officers not to read newspapers during office hours - Chief Manager tells. Chief Administrator.
Conclusions:
1. Reading newspapers during office hours is desirable.
2. Office efficiency will not increase by stopping this.
Answer: D
Since the given statement talks of an order not to let the officers read newspapers during office hours, it implies that reading newspapers during office hours is undesirable. So, I does not follow. Also, the order has been issued with an intention to prevent harm to office work due to officers' other indulgences. Thus, II also does not follow.
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Statements: The Cabinet of State X took certain steps to tackle the milk glut in the state as the cooperatives and government dairies failed to use the available milk. - A news report.
Conclusions:
1. The milk production of State X is more than its need.
2. The Government and co-operative dairies in State X are not equipped in terms of resources and technology to handle such excess milk.
Answer: E
The use of the term 'milk glut' makes I implicit. Also, the fact that the cooperatives and Government dairies failed to use the available milk indicates that they lack the proper infrastructure to handle such quantities of milk. So, II also follows.
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