World Geography Questions and Answers

Answer: C

The Command Area Development programme has both aims. It works to close the gap between irrigation potential created and potential actually used by building field channels, land levelling and warabandi rotation, and through those same works to raise agricultural productivity in the command area.

Because both statements describe the programme, the combined choice is correct.

Answer: A

Cuba is known as the sugar bowl of the world. Its climate and soils suit sugar cane, and for most of the twentieth century sugar dominated its economy and exports.

Answer: B

The middle-latitude or temperate zone lies between about 23½° and 66½° in both hemispheres - that is, between each tropic and the corresponding polar circle.

Poleward of 66½° lie the high latitudes, and equatorward of 23½° the low latitudes.

Answer: A

The Friendship Bridge over the Oxus (Amu Darya) connects Uzbekistan and Afghanistan, linking Termez to Hairatan.

Opened in 1982, it was the route by which Soviet forces entered and later withdrew from Afghanistan, and it remains the main overland freight crossing between the two countries.

Answer: A

A reaction between a compound and oxygen is oxidation. In weathering it is most visible when iron-bearing minerals take up oxygen to form iron oxides, staining rock the reddish-brown of rust.

Hydrolysis is reaction with water, carbonation is reaction with carbonic acid, and solution is simple dissolving - none of them involves oxygen.

Answer: A

When eroded material is dissolved and carried along as individual ions in the water, the transport process is called solution. Limestone regions lose most of their material this way, as calcium and bicarbonate ions.

Suspension carries fine particles held up in the flow, saltation bounces sand grains along, and traction rolls or drags the coarsest material over the bed.

Answer: C

Correct answer: Full moon

A lunar eclipse can occur only at full moon, because it requires the Earth to lie between the Sun and the Moon so that its shadow can fall on the lunar surface - and that is precisely the geometry that makes the Moon appear full. By the same reasoning a solar eclipse can occur only at new moon, when the Moon passes between the Sun and the Earth. Eclipses do not happen every month because the Moon’s orbit is tilted about 5° to the plane of the Earth’s orbit, so at most full moons it passes above or below the shadow. Eclipses come only when a full or new moon coincides with the Moon crossing that plane, at points called nodes. A lunar eclipse is visible from the entire night side of the Earth at once and lasts for hours, which is why they are seen far more often from any one place than solar eclipses. The eclipsed Moon usually turns a deep red, because sunlight refracted through the Earth’s atmosphere reaches it after the blue light has been scattered away.

Answer: A

The total surface area of the Earth is about 510.94 million km².

Of that, about 361 million km² is ocean and about 149 million km² is land - a split of roughly 71 to 29 per cent.

Answer: B

The Mont Blanc tunnel, opened in 1965 and about 11.6 km long, runs under the Mont Blanc massif to connect Chamonix in France with Courmayeur in Italy.

The St. Gotthard tunnel is in Switzerland, the Mersey tunnel in England, and the Orange–Fish tunnel in South Africa.

Answer: A

Mount Kosciuszko in New South Wales, at 2,228 m, is the highest point on the Australian mainland. Mount Townsend, only 19 m lower, is second.