_________ computers are used in Banking, Railways, and Airlines.
Answer: D
Correct answer: Mainframe Computer
Banks, railways and airlines need one machine to handle very large numbers of transactions and users reliably, which is exactly what mainframes are designed for. Supercomputers are optimised for calculation rather than for transaction volume.
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The first digital electronic computer was built in the year_______.
Answer: B
Correct answer: 1940
The first digital electronic computer, the Atanasoff-Berry Computer, was built at Iowa State between 1937 and 1942, which places it in 1940 among the options given. ENIAC, often called the first, came later, in 1946.
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Which of the following is not a class based on size?
Answer: D
Correct answer: Digital Computer
Mainframe, mini and micro are the classes defined by size and capacity. Digital describes how a computer represents data - as against analogue - and says nothing about how big it is.
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The number of records contained within a block of data on magnetic tape is defined by the
Answer: C
Correct answer: Blocking factor
The blocking factor is the number of logical records grouped into one physical block on tape. Blocking reduces the number of inter-block gaps and so uses the tape more efficiently; the other three names are not standard terms.
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Second Generation computers were developed during
Answer: B
Correct answer: 1956 to 1965
The transistor generation runs from about 1956 to 1965. The years to 1955 belong to the vacuum tube machines, and integrated circuits take over from about 1965.
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The primary purpose of software is to turn data into _____
Answer: B
Correct answer: Information
Data are raw facts; software organises, selects and presents them so that they mean something, and that is what turns data into information. Programs are the software itself rather than its product.
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General purpose computers are those that can be adopted to countless uses simply by changing its
Answer: C
Correct answer: Program
What makes a computer general purpose is that the same hardware performs a different task when given different instructions. Changing the devices attached to it or the processor inside it does not alter what job it can be put to.
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Super computers are mainly useful for
Answer: A
Correct answer: Mathematical intensive scientific applications
Supercomputers are built for problems that need vast numbers of arithmetic operations - weather modelling, molecular simulation, nuclear physics. Data retrieval and heavy input-output are the work of mainframes, which are designed for throughput of transactions rather than for raw floating-point speed.
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A collection of 8 bits is called
Answer: A
Correct answer: Byte
Eight bits make a byte. Four bits make a nibble, and a word is whatever width the particular processor handles at once - 16, 32 or 64 bits on modern machines.
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Fifth generation computers are based on
Answer: A
Correct answer: Artificial Intelligence
The fifth generation is defined by the goal rather than by a single component: machines able to reason, understand natural language and learn. VLSI belongs to the fourth generation, and the other two options are not established terms.
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