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Statement - Conclusions Questions and Answers

Important Instructions
Direction for [ Question No: 31 To 36 ] :

In each of the following questions a statement is given, followed by two conclusions. Give answer :

31.

Statement : Today out of the world population of several thousand million, the majority of men have to live under governments which refuse them personal liberty and the right to dissent.

Conclusion :
I. People are indifferent to personal liberty and the right to dissent.
II. People desire personal liberty and the right to dissent.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Only conclusion II follows.

To speak of governments that refuse people liberty and the right to dissent is to treat those as things the people want and are being denied - conclusion II. Conclusion I says the opposite, that people are indifferent to them. Only II follows.

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32.

Statement : A medical College has started a cell which will conduct counseling workshops in the field of stress management to patients and general public.

Conclusion :
I. The hospital has needed resources to start such activity.
II. Patients and general public feel a need to have such cell in the hospital

Answer: E

Correct answer: Both I and II follows

A college does not start such a cell without the staff and space to run it - conclusion I - nor without a demand for what it offers, which is conclusion II. Both follow.

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33.

Statement : Fashion is a form of ugliness so intolerable that we have to alter it every six month.

Conclusion :
I. Fashion designers do not understand the public mind very well.
II. The public by and large is highly susceptible to novelty.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Only conclusion II follows.

If fashion must be altered every six months, it is because people will not stay with the same thing - conclusion II, their appetite for novelty. Conclusion I blames the designers’ grasp of the public mind, whereas the remark suggests they read it only too well. Only II follows.

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34.

Statement :Until our country achieves economic equality, political freedom and democracy would be meaningless.

Conclusion :
I. Political freedom and democracy go hand in hand.
II. Economic equality leads to real political freedom and democracy.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Only conclusion II follows.

The statement makes economic equality the condition on which political freedom and democracy become meaningful, which is conclusion II. Conclusion I asserts a link between political freedom and democracy that is never argued; they are merely named together. Only II follows.

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35.

Statement : Should new big industries be started in Kolkata ?

Arguments :

I. Yes. It will create job opportunities.
II. No. It will further add the pollution of the city.

Answer: C

Correct answer: Both I and II are strong.

Both arguments bear directly on the question and both are weighty. New industry would indeed create employment, which matters in a city that needs it; and heavy industry would indeed add to Kolkata’s pollution, which is already a serious problem. Each addresses a real consequence of the decision, so both are strong.

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36.

Statement : Should there be uniform for students of the colleges in India as in the schools ?
Arguments :
I. Yes, this will improve the ambiance of the colleges as all students will be decently dressed.
II. No, the college students should not be regimented and they should be left to choose their clothes for coming to the college.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Only Argument II is strong

Argument II rests on a real difference between school and college: college students are adults, and dictating their dress is a needless restriction on people old enough to choose. Argument I appeals only to the look of the place, which is a trivial ground for compelling thousands of adults. Only II is strong.

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Direction for [ Question No: 37 To 40 ] :

In the question given below one or more statement is/are followed by inferential conclusions. The conclusion which can be derived without supposing anything else. i.e. without adding anything extra to the statement (s) is your answer

37.

Statement: The Education Secretary said that it was extremely necessary that professional researchers along with practical school teachers conduct the practical research.

Conclusions:

(a) Practical teachers know the techniques of research.

(b) Professional researchers are quite aware of the problems related to the school education.

(c) Educational Secretary was speaking to the school students.

(d) There is a communication gap between researchers and the practical school teachers.

(e) School education is quite a specialized field and so long as the teacher is not trained, the standard of education cannot be qualitatively better.

Answer: D

Correct answer: d

The Secretary’s insistence that researchers and practising teachers work together only makes sense if the two are not already in touch - so (d), a communication gap between them, is what the statement implies without adding anything. The others bring in what is not given: what either group knows, who he was addressing, or the state of teacher training.

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38.

Statement: Vehicular source contributes 60% to the total pollution level of Delhi, as informed in the Rajya Sabha today.

Conclusions: 

(a) The court has ordered that the main source of pollution should be identified.

(b) The problem of pollution is high in the work list.

(c) In the other cities also, vehicular source contributes around the same percentage level of pollution.

(d) This matter was raised first in the Lok Sabha.

(e) Not many towns in India face the problem of pollution.

Answer: B

Correct answer: b

The figure was given in the Rajya Sabha, which shows that pollution is being taken up in Parliament - so (b), that the problem stands high on the agenda, follows without further supposition. The others add what is not stated: a court order, the position in other cities, where the matter was first raised, or how widespread pollution is.

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39.

Statement: PVC shoe producers union has welcomed the announcement of relief on production surcharge from Rs. 50 per pair to Rs 75 per pair.

Conclusions:

(a) All PVC shoe producers are members of this union.

(b) Relief on production surcharge of Rs 50 on every pair to shoes, had been given only recently.

(c) Union had demanded an increase in relief.

(d) Govt. will collect more production surcharge.

(e) Other producers will also demand relief on production surcharge.

Answer: C

Correct answer: c

A union welcomes what it has been pressing for, so (c) - that it had asked for more relief - follows from its welcoming the increase. The others need extra assumptions: about who belongs to the union, when the earlier relief was given, what the government will collect, or what other producers will do.

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40.

Statement: There are chances of hike in the electricity tariff soon. This proposal will bring about a sharp increase for the industrial consumers and marginal increase for the domestic consumers.

Conclusions:

(a) At present there is a disparity in the electricity tariff between the domestic and the industrial consumers.

(b) Industrial consumers consume more electricity than the domestic users.

(c) Consumption of electricity by the industrial consumer is comparatively lower than the domestic user.

(d) After this hike, the electricity board will start making profit.

(e) If this proposal is accepted, then industrial output will get positively affected.

Answer: B

Correct answer: b

A tariff rise that falls sharply on industry and only marginally on households implies that industry is the heavier user, on whom the increase will bite - so (b) follows. Option (c) says the opposite; the rest bring in disparity, profits or industrial output, none of which the statement mentions.

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