In the following passage there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed below the passage and against each, five words suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.
Indeed, much progress in this...( I )...has already been made as a...( II )...of the combined...( III )...of the government and the people of the state and the...( IV )...initiative provided by Central Government under Prime Minister...( V )...leadership. The results of...( VI )...efforts are there for all to see. Prices of...( VII )...commodities and other goods have...( VIII )...considerably. The rate of inflation...( IX )...fallen to gratifying figure of...( X )...minus 3, the...( XI)...in the world. There is complete harmony in...( XII )...public and private sector establishments and...( XIII )...is bound to lead to...( XIV )...industrial and agricultural production. Is it a hope or a...( XV )...
Choose the best word in place of ( VII ) from the given passage
Answer: B
Correct answer: Essential
The blank modifies commodities, and essential commodities is the standing term in Indian economic writing for the goods whose prices are watched. The passage then contrasts them with other goods, which only works if the first group is a defined category.
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Choose the best word in place of ( VIII ) from the given passage
Answer: C
Correct answer: Fallen
The auxiliary have is already in place, so the blank takes a past participle. Fell and falls are finite forms. Between fallen and risen, the paragraph is reporting good news, and the next sentence records falling inflation, so prices must have fallen. Plummeted overstates what considerably allows.
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Choose the best word in place of ( IX ) from the given passage
Answer: C
Correct answer: Has
The subject is the rate of inflation, a singular noun, and the participle fallen that follows needs an auxiliary. Only has supplies a singular one; have fails to agree, and the adverbs are not verbs.
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Choose the best word in place of ( X ) from the given passage
Answer: C
Correct answer: Nearly
The blank stands between figure of and minus 3, so it must qualify the number. Nearly does. Near and above would need to govern the figure differently, and inflation repeats a word already in the sentence.
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Choose the best word in place of ( XI ) from the given passage
Answer: B
Correct answer: Lowest
The clause is in apposition to the inflation figure just given, and the sentence calls that figure gratifying, so it must be the best in the world - that is, the lowest rate. A comparative such as lower would need something to be compared with.
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Choose the best word in place of ( XII ) from the given passage
Answer: A
Correct answer: Both
The blank governs two things, public and private sector establishments, and both is the word that covers exactly two. All and either would not fit a pair treated together, and state and center would add a third category the sentence does not name.
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Choose the best word in place of ( XIII ) from the given passage
Answer: C
Correct answer: This
The blank is the subject of the singular verb is, and it refers back to the harmony described in the clause before - a single idea, not a set of them. These and those are plural, and will is not a pronoun.
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Choose the best word in place of ( XIV ) from the given passage
Answer: C
Correct answer: Greater
The harmony is said to lead to something, so a comparative is needed: more production than before. Great and high state a level rather than an increase, and lower and lowest reverse the sense of a passage reporting good news.
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Choose the best word in place of ( XV ) from the given passage
Answer: A
Correct answer: Certainty
The sentence asks whether the outlook is merely hoped for or assured, and hope or a certainty is that contrast. Hope would repeat the first half, and expectation sits between the two rather than opposing hope.
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The Earth is one of the known planets that circle the sun. In -----( I )----- times, the men who studied the -----( II )----- noticed that while certain heavenly -----( III )----- seemed fixed in the sky, others seemed to -----( IV )----- about. The latter they named planets or wanderers -----( V )----- astronomers have discovered that the four planets, Jupiter, Saturn. Uranus -----( VI )----- Neptune, are surrounded by poisonous gases and are so ----( VII )------ that any living thing attempting to ----( VIII )------ on them would instantly be frozen to death. Of the five remaining -----( IX )----- Venus most closely ----( X )------ the Earth in size
Choose the best word in place of ( I ) from the given passage
Answer: D
Correct answer: ancient
The sentence describes the earliest observers, who named the wandering lights, and in ancient times is the fixed phrase for that distant past. Antique is used of objects, past does not collocate with times in this way, and modern reverses the sense - the passage saves that word for the astronomers who came later.
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