A bar graph shows the production of rice (in million tonnes) in a country for 5 consecutive years. Study the chart and answer the questions that follow.
What is the percentage increase in production from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: B
Read the two bars: 125 million tonnes in 2018 and 140 in 2019.
\[ \frac{140 - 125}{125} \times 100 = \frac{15}{125} \times 100 = 12\% \]
The increase is measured against the earlier year, which is the base.
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The production in 2017 was approximately what percent of the average production over the given years?
Answer: B
First, find the average production.
Total production = 120 + 127 + 125 + 140 + 145 = 657 million tonnes.
Average production = 657 / 5 = 131.4 million tonnes.
Production in 2017 = 127 million tonnes.
Required percentage = \(\frac{127}{131.4} \times 100 \approx 96.65\)%, which is approximately 96%.
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A bar graph shows the production of rice (in million tonnes) in a country for 5 consecutive years. Study the chart and answer the questions that follow.
What is the percentage increase in production from 2018 to 2019?
Answer: B
Read the two bars: 125 million tonnes in 2018 and 140 in 2019.
\[ \frac{140 - 125}{125} \times 100 = \frac{15}{125} \times 100 = 12\% \]
The increase is measured against the earlier year, which is the base.
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The production in 2017 was approximately what percent of the average production over the given years?
Answer: B
Correct answer: 98%
First find the average over the five years.
\[120 + 130 + 125 + 140 + 145 = 660 \text{ million tonnes}\]
\[\text{Average} = \frac{660}{5} = 132\]
The 2017 figure is 130, so as a percentage of the average:
\[\frac{130}{132} \times 100 = 98.48\% \approx 98\%\]
2017 sits marginally below the five-year average, which is why the answer is just under 100%.
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The following line graph shows the population of a town (in thousands) in different years. Study the graph and answer the questions that follow.
What was the average population of the town over all the years?
Answer: A
To find the average, we sum the populations and divide by the number of years.
Total population = 50 + 55 + 62 + 70 + 75 + 82 = 394 thousand.
Number of years = 6.
Average = \(\frac{394}{6} = 65.666...\) thousand, which is approximately 65,667.
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The population in 2016 was what percentage of the population in 2020?
Answer: B
Read the two years off the graph: 55 thousand in 2016 and 82 thousand in 2020.
\[ \frac{55}{82} \times 100 = 67.07\% \]
The base is the 2020 figure, since the question asks what 2016 was of 2020.
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The table below shows the percentage distribution of 1400 students who passed in an exam from five different cities.
| City | % of Passed Students |
|---|---|
| A | 12% |
| B | 18% |
| C | 25% |
| D | 20% |
| E | 25% |
What is the number of students who passed from city C?
Answer: C
City C accounts for 25% of the 1400 who passed.
\[ 0.25 \times 1400 = 350 \]
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The number of students passed from city B is what percentage of the number of students passed from city D?
Answer: C
Since the total number of students is the same for all calculations, we can work directly with the percentages.
Percentage from city B = 18%.
Percentage from city D = 20%.
Required percentage = \(\frac{18}{20} \times 100 = 90\)%.
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What is the difference between the number of students passed from cities C and E combined, and the number of students passed from cities A and B combined?
Answer: B
Percentage for C and E = 25% + 25% = 50%.
Percentage for A and B = 12% + 18% = 30%.
The difference in percentage = 50% - 30% = 20%.
The difference in number of students = 20% of 1400 = 0.20 * 1400 = 280.
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The line graph shows the profit percentage of two companies, X and Y, over the years. Profit % = [(Income - Expenditure) / Expenditure] * 100. Study the graph and answer the questions that follow.
If the income of Company Y in 2018 was Rs. 600 crores, what was its expenditure in that year?
Answer: B
Profit % = \(\frac{\text{Income} - \text{Expenditure}}{\text{Expenditure}} \times 100\).
Let E be the expenditure.
In 2018, the profit percentage for Company Y was 40%.
40 = \(\frac{600 - E}{E} \times 100\)
0.40 = \(\frac{600}{E} - 1\)
1.40 = \(\frac{600}{E}\)
E = \(\frac{600}{1.4} = \frac{6000}{14} \approx 428.57\) crores.
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