Input and Output Questions and Answers

Answer: C

Correct answer: A control unit and an arithmetic/logic unit.

The CPU is conventionally described as those two parts. The control unit fetches, decodes and sequences instructions; the arithmetic and logic unit performs the calculations and comparisons.

Registers are usually counted with them, and modern processors add cache and several execution units, but the two-part description remains the standard model. Card readers and printers are peripherals, outside the processor entirely, and "analytical engine" is Babbage's term for a whole machine.

Answer: A

Correct answer: OMR

Optical mark recognition detects the presence or absence of a mark in a predefined position, which is why the forms it reads have printed boxes or lozenges to be filled.

It reads position rather than shape, which makes it simple and very reliable - and is why it is used for examination answer sheets, ballot papers and survey forms. Optical character recognition, by contrast, must identify the shapes of characters, a far harder problem. A bar code reader reads bar widths, and Winchester is an old term for a hard disk.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Input

An input device is the one through which information is put into the machine - keyboard, mouse, scanner, microphone. Output devices deliver results in the opposite direction.

Answer: C

Correct answer: Text, Graphics, Video, and Audio

Output is anything the computer presents to the user, and it takes all four forms - text and graphics on a display or printer, video as moving images, audio through speakers.

The other options are all subsets, and each omits something a modern system produces routinely. The breadth is what drove the term "multimedia" and the hardware that supports it: sound cards, graphics processors and high-bandwidth display interfaces all exist because output is not confined to text.

Answer: A

Correct answer: All-in-one devices

The two names describe the same product: a single unit combining printing, scanning, copying and often faxing.

"All-in-one" is the marketing term and "multifunction device" the technical one, and both point at the reason such units exist - the functions share a print engine, a scanning bar and a paper path, so combining them costs far less than separate machines. The device is neither purely input nor purely output, since it performs both.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Data Scanning devices

Data scanning devices read the source document itself, so the data never has to be transcribed - optical mark readers, optical character readers, bar code readers and magnetic ink character readers all belong to the class.

The gain is accuracy as much as speed: manual keying introduces errors at a rate that matters when the volume is large, and reading the original removes that step entirely. The other three options are not established categories.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Input Device

A touch screen reports where it was touched, so data flows into the computer and it is an input device - the same category as the mouse and the keyboard.

The confusion arises because it is physically combined with a display, which is an output device. The two functions are separate: the panel senses touch and the screen behind it shows the image. Combining them in one assembly is a packaging decision, not a change of category.

Answer: B

Correct answer: -1

\( -2 \) in two's complement is ...11111110. Right-shifting a signed negative value is implementation-defined, and every common compiler performs an arithmetic shift, propagating the sign bit into the vacated position.

That gives ...11111111, which is \( -1 \). The result is also what integer division would give with truncation towards negative infinity, which is why the arithmetic shift is chosen. A logical shift would bring in a zero at the top and give a large positive number instead.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Non-Impact Printer

A laser printer forms the image electrostatically: a laser writes a charge pattern on a drum, toner adheres to it, and heat fuses the toner to the paper. Nothing strikes the page.

Impact printers - dot matrix, daisy wheel, line printers - press a type element against a ribbon and the paper, which is what lets them print through carbon copies and what makes them noisy. The distinction explains both the quiet operation and the inability of a laser printer to produce multi-part forms.

Answer: C

Correct answer: Striping

Striping divides a file into blocks and writes consecutive blocks to different disks, so several drives transfer at once and the effective throughput multiplies.

The cost is reliability: with the data spread across every disk, the failure of any one of them loses the file, so striping alone - RAID 0 - is less reliable than a single drive. Combining it with mirroring or parity restores redundancy, which is what the higher RAID levels do.