Assertion and Reason Questions and Answers

Answer: C

Correct answer: A is true but R is false.

Razia Sultan was the daughter of Iltutmish and succeeded him in 1236, so A is true. Iltutmish was no rebel: he was a slave-general of Qutb-ud-din Aibak who succeeded him lawfully and consolidated the Delhi Sultanate. R is false.

Answer: B

Correct answer: Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

Both statements are true - the Constitution came into force on 26 January 1950, and that day is kept as Republic Day. But R is a consequence of A rather than its cause; the date was chosen to commemorate the Purna Swaraj declaration of 1930. R does not explain A.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Muhammad-bin-Tughluq’s schemes - the token currency, the transfer of the capital to Daulatabad, the Deccan campaigns - were imaginative in conception and disastrous in execution. That combination is exactly what earned him the name. Both are true and R explains A.

Answer: C

Correct answer: A is true but R is false.

Shivaji did perfect guerrilla warfare, the ganimi kava of hit-and-run raids from hill forts, so A is true. But he adopted it because his forces were small and the terrain suited it, not out of fear - he attacked the Mughals repeatedly. R is false.

Answer: C

Correct answer: A is true but R is false.

Silver is not used for ordinary wiring, so A is true. But the reason is its cost, not its conductivity: silver is in fact the best conductor of electricity of all metals, which is why copper, the next best and far cheaper, is used instead. R is false.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

The appendix is a vestigial remnant of the caecum, which in herbivores digests cellulose. In humans it takes no part in digestion, and its removal has no effect on it - which is exactly what makes it vestigial. Both are true and R explains A.

Answer: D

Correct answer: A is true but R is false.

Indian women do outlive Indian men - life expectancy at birth is around three years higher for females - so A is true. But the cause is not diet: nutritional discrimination generally runs the other way, and the advantage is largely biological. R is false.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Watt’s steam engine was developed for one industrial problem above all: pumping water out of flooded mines, work that the earlier atmospheric engines did wastefully. His separate condenser cut the fuel needed by three-quarters and made the engine practical. Both are true and R explains A.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Iron expands when heated, so rails laid tight in cool weather would buckle on a hot day. The gap left between lengths gives the metal room to expand, which is exactly why it is there. Both are true and R explains A.

Answer: A

Correct answer: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

On 5 February 1922 a mob at Chauri Chaura burnt a police station and killed the policemen inside. Gandhiji, holding that the movement had abandoned non-violence, called it off within days. The violence is precisely the reason for the withdrawal. Both are true and R explains A.