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Geographical Techniques Questions and Answers

131.

Which one of the following techniques is not suitable for showing urban population on the map ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: D

Circles, divided circles and spheres are used on maps to show the size of urban population, by drawing proportional circles, circles divided into parts or spheres whose volume is proportional. Hachures are short lines drawn in the direction of the slope to show relief, so they are not a technique for population. The answer is Hachures, option D.

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132.

Which one of the following statements is not correct ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: C

The statement that is not correct is that the isopleth technique always takes administrative boundaries into account. Isopleths are lines of equal value, and contour maps are isopleth maps, and the technique suits continuous data, but isopleths are drawn from point values and ignore administrative boundaries, so the statement is false. The answer is C. For example a contour map joins points of equal height, and an isopleth map of rainfall joins points of equal rainfall, both drawn without regard to district or state limits.

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133.

Consider the following statements and select the correct answer using the codes given below :

1. Deserts, marshes and hilly tracts are known as the negative areas of population.
2. Dot method is the best technique to show the distribution of population.
3. Dot method can be used to show age and sex composition.
4. The dot map cannot be transferred into isopleth.

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: C

Statements 1, 2 and 4 are correct, as the key gives: deserts, marshes and hilly tracts are the negative areas of population, the dot method is the best technique to show the distribution of population and the dot map cannot be transferred into an isopleth map. Statement 3 is not correct, since the dot method shows distribution and not the age and sex composition, which are shown by other devices such as population pyramids. So the answer is C.

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134.

Which of the following is most suitable to show the unequality in the distribution ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: A

The Lorenz curve is the most suitable way of showing inequality in a distribution: it plots the cumulative share of a variable, such as income or population, against the cumulative share of the units, and the more the curve bends away from the line of equality the greater the inequality. A bar graph compares values, a circle diagram shows proportions and isopleths show continuous distribution. The answer is Lorenz curve.

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135.

Which one of the following is the correct geometric mean of the data set : 0,50,100,100,150,250,450,500 ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2012,

Answer: D

The geometric mean is the nth root of the product of the values, so if any value in the data set is zero the product is zero and the geometric mean is also zero. The set 0, 50, 100, 100, 150, 250, 450, 500 contains a zero, so the geometric mean is 0, option D, and the values 125, 100 and 200 are not the geometric mean of the data. This is a special property of the geometric mean, which is why it is not used with data that contain zeros, in contrast with the arithmetic mean, which would be 200 for the same set.

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136.

Consider the following figures X and Y :

Two scale bars: Fig. X, A to B, 2 cm at RF 1:2000; Fig. Y, C to D, 2 cm at RF 1:10,00,000

Which of the following statement is correct ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

Fig. X is the large-scale map and Fig. Y the small-scale one, and the distances are 40 m and 20 km. In Fig. X, 2 cm at RF 1:2000 is 2 x 2000 = 4000 cm = 40 m. In Fig. Y, 2 cm at RF 1:10,00,000 is 2 x 10,00,000 = 20,00,000 cm = 20 km. The larger fraction, 1/2000, means the larger scale.

Option (A) calls X small scale, which is wrong. Option (B) calls Y large scale and gives 4 km, wrong on both counts. Option (D) says the distances are equal, but 40 m and 20 km differ greatly.

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137.

If the variability of rainfall is to be measured, which of the following techniques will be used ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

The variability of rainfall is measured by the coefficient of variation, the standard deviation divided by the mean, multiplied by 100. It expresses spread relative to the mean, so it allows places with different average rainfall to be compared.

Mean deviation and standard deviation are absolute measures, in the units of rainfall, so they cannot compare a wet place with a dry one. The interquartile range is a rough measure of spread based on only two quartile values and is not the usual technique for relative variability.

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138.

Which of the following is not a Quantitative Distribution Map ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: A

The choroschematic map is not a quantitative distribution map. It shows the qualitative distribution of a phenomenon, such as land use type or soil type, over areas, using colours or symbols with no numerical values.

Isopleth, dot and choropleth maps are all quantitative: the isopleth uses lines of equal value, the dot map uses dots standing for a fixed number, and the choropleth shades areas by the value of a statistic.

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139.

Occupational structure of population in India at State level is best represented by

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: D

The pie diagram best represents the occupational structure of population at State level, because it splits a total, here the workforce, into shares for primary, secondary and tertiary occupations, as the official key records.

The dot method shows the distribution of a population, not its composition. The isopleth method needs continuous surfaces, so is not used for occupation shares by State. The choropleth shows a single ratio over areas, such as the density, and cannot show the several shares at once.

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140.

A tropical cyclone was located 500 kms. South-West of Visakhapatnam. The cyclone first moved 250 kms in North-West direction and then suddenly changed the direction to the North-East. Which of the following ports would raise the highest danger signal ?

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

Taking Visakhapatnam as the origin, the cyclone starts about 354 km west and 354 km south of it. After moving 250 km north-west it lies about 531 km west and 177 km south, and the path then turns to the north-east. Moving north-east it passes on the north-west side of the city, at about 250 km, which is closer than to any other port in the list. Chennai and Tuticorin lie further south and Haldia is far to the north-east, so Visakhapatnam would raise the highest danger signal.

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