Transformation of Sentences Questions and Answers

Answer: A

We sow so that we may reap has an adverb clause of purpose in standard grammar, but among the options the key takes the adverb clause of result or consequence.

Comparison would use than or as, manner would use as or like, and concession would use although, none of which is in the sentence. Of the options, so that is closest to result or consequence, so I followed the key.

Answer: C

In "All that glitters is not gold", the clause "that glitters" is an adjective clause. It follows "all" and tells which things are meant, so it modifies the pronoun "all" in the same way that an adjective modifies a noun.

It does not express concession, which would be introduced by although or though, and it does not express condition, which would be introduced by if or unless. It is also not a noun clause, because the noun element here is "all that glitters", and "that glitters" only describes "all". So it is an adjective clause, as the key says.

Answer: D

In "There were many people at the station", the word "many" is a quantifier, a determiner that tells how many things are meant without giving an exact number.

A possessive determiner is a word such as my, your or their, which shows who owns something. An ordinal is a word such as first or second, which gives a position in a series. A numeral gives an exact number, such as two or ten. "Many" does none of these, so it is a quantifier.

Answer: A

In "Stand still if you value your life", the clause "if you value your life" is an adverb clause of condition. It begins with the conjunction "if" and states the condition on which the command to stand still depends.

An adverb clause of comparison would begin with as or than. A clause of manner would use as or as if and tell how something is done. A clause of concession would use though or although and show a contrast. None of these words is in the sentence, so condition is the answer.

Answer: C

The sentence is a complex sentence.

It has one independent (main) clause, 'God helps you', which can stand alone, and one dependent clause, 'When everything fails', introduced by the subordinating conjunction 'when'. One main clause with at least one subordinate clause makes a complex sentence.

A simple sentence has only one clause. A compound sentence joins two or more independent clauses with a coordinating conjunction such as 'and' or 'but'. A compound-complex sentence needs at least two independent clauses plus a dependent one. This sentence has only one independent clause.

Answer: C

The complex sentence is As he was indifferent they punished him.

A complex sentence has one main clause and at least one subordinate clause. Here they punished him is the main clause, and as he was indifferent is a subordinate clause of reason, introduced by the conjunction as. The original compound sentence joined two independent clauses with and.

The other three keep the meaning but are simple sentences, each with a single finite verb: They punished him for his indifference, He was punished for his indifference and His indifference made them punish him. They turn the reason into a phrase, not a clause.

Answer: C

The question tag is Didn't we?

A positive statement takes a negative tag. Used to behaves like an ordinary past-tense verb, so its tag is formed with did: We used to study together, didn't we? The pronoun we repeats the subject.

Did we? is positive, so it does not reverse the positive statement. Had we? would suit a sentence with had as auxiliary, and Shall we? is the tag for suggestions beginning Let's. The older form usedn't we? is now rare, and didn't we? is the standard tag.

Answer: A

The key's answer is Jim heard a noise and phoned the police.

Of the four options, this is the only correct combination of the two simple sentences: it keeps both facts, with the same subject, joined by and. Strictly, joining with and makes a compound sentence; a complex sentence would use a subordinate clause, such as When Jim heard a noise, he phoned the police, but no option offers that form, so the key takes the one correct combination.

'After noise' drops the article and changes the meaning, 'heard no noise' contradicts the first sentence, and joining two clauses with only a comma is a comma splice.