Second component in algorithms is classified as
Answer: A
Correct answer: selection
The three constructs of structured programming come in order: sequence first, then selection - choosing between alternatives - and then repetition. Selection is what allows an algorithm to do more than one fixed thing.
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In structured programming language such as Pascal, operations is then refined using
Answer: B
Correct answer: procedure
Structured programming works by stepwise refinement: each operation is broken into smaller operations, and in Pascal each is written as a procedure. The other options describe properties of data, not the means of refining an operation.
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General term use for self-contained small set of instructions is referred as
Answer: A
Correct answer: routine
Routine is the general word for a small self-contained set of instructions. Function, procedure and subroutine are particular kinds of routine, distinguished by whether they return a value and how they are called.
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The language which is understood by the computer is
Answer: A
Correct answer: Machine language
Only machine language is executed directly. Low level language is a category that includes assembly, which still needs an assembler, and high level languages need a compiler or interpreter.
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What do you mean by the simultaneous processing of two or more programs by multiple processors?
Answer: C
Correct answer: Multiprocessing
Multiprocessing means two or more processors executing programs at the same instant, which is what the question describes. Multiprogramming and time sharing keep several programs in memory but interleave them on a single processor, so only one instruction is executing at any moment.
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In high level programming language BASIC, statements written with GOTO and IF commands are considered as
Answer: A
Correct answer: loop
IF combined with GOTO sends control back to an earlier line when a condition holds, which is a loop built by hand - the way repetition was written before FOR and WHILE were available. The condition is the part that decides when to stop; the construction as a whole is the loop.
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A special quantity whose value does not change is classified as
Answer: A
Correct answer: constant
A constant is a quantity whose value is fixed for the whole run of the program, as against a variable, whose value may change. Mantissa and exponent are the two parts of a floating-point number.
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RISC technology is used by the processor
Answer: A
Correct answer: Power PC
The PowerPC is a RISC design - a small set of fixed-length instructions, most of them executing in one cycle. The Intel 486DX belongs to the x86 family, which is CISC.
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Device used to translate programming language into machine code is classified as
Answer: D
Correct answer: assembler
An assembler translates assembly language into machine code, one mnemonic to one instruction. A compiler does the same job for a high level language; an operator and an inverter are not translators at all.
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In programming language, 'identifier' can be
Answer: D
Correct answer: all of the above
An identifier is simply a name a programmer gives to something in the program, and arrays, variables and named constants all need names. What distinguishes an identifier from a keyword is that the programmer chooses it.
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