Agile Development Questions and Answers

Q: If we compare agile process with the traditional process, then one of the following is a significant advantage of agile process :

The significant advantage is that agile copes easily with changes in requirements (printed 'Scopes easily').Agile methods such as Scrum and XP deliver software in short iterations, with the customer involved throughout and requirements revisited at every iteration. Changing requirements, even late in development, are welcomed rather than resisted, which is the main advantage over plan-driven processes such as the waterfall model.The other options describe where traditional processes are usually stronger: very large projects and organisations, and mission-critical or safety-critical systems that need extensive up-front documentation and formal verification.

Q: What are the three framework activities for the Adaptive Software Development (ASD) process model ?

ASD's framework activities are speculation, collaboration, learning.Jim Highsmith's Adaptive Software Development replaces the plan-design-build cycle with a speculate-collaborate-learn cycle. Speculation is adaptive cycle planning using the mission and constraints; collaboration brings motivated people together to build the components; learning reviews the results through focus groups, technical reviews and postmortems, feeding the next cycle.Analysis, design and coding are the activities of a conventional linear model. Feasibility study and functional model iteration belong to DSDM. Adaptive cycle planning is part of speculation, not one of the three activities as a list.

Q: In software development process, which of the following is not an Agile methodology ?

The one that is not agile is Waterfall.The waterfall model is a linear, sequential plan-driven process: requirements, design, implementation, testing and maintenance follow one another, each phase completed before the next begins. It expects requirements to be fixed at the start, which is what agile methods reject.Extreme Programming (XP), Scrum and Feature Driven Development are all agile methods: they deliver working software in short iterations, welcome changing requirements and rely on close collaboration with the customer.

Q: Which one of these is appropriate in an agile and iterative software development process ?

The agile practice is to Implement the system incrementally, building it up bit by bit.Agile and iterative methods deliver working software in short iterations, each adding a small increment of functionality that users can see and give feedback on, so requirements and design evolve as the system grows.Gathering all requirements first and producing complete, detailed design documents are features of the plan-driven waterfall model, and building the whole backend before any user-facing feature delays the feedback agile methods rely on.

Q: In software development process, ...................... is based on iterative incremental delivery as a response to changing and emergent requirements.

The model is the Agile development model.Agile methods, such as Scrum and Extreme Programming, deliver working software in short iterations, each adding an increment, and treat changing and emerging requirements as normal: the plan is revised after every iteration in response to feedback.The evolutionary model also grows a system in versions, but it is defined by refining an initial prototype rather than by short, change-driven delivery cycles. Rapid application development stresses speed through reusable components and prototyping, and open source development describes a community-based way of building software, not a response to changing requirements.

Q: What are the four framework activities found in the Extreme Programming (XP) process model ?

The four XP framework activities are planning, design, coding, testing.In Extreme Programming, planning begins with user stories and the customer's priorities; design follows the keep-it-simple principle with CRC cards and spike solutions; coding starts by writing unit tests and is done in pairs; and testing runs the automated unit tests continuously, with customer acceptance tests.XP has no separate 'analysis' activity: understanding requirements happens inside planning through user stories. Every option that includes analysis is therefore wrong.

Q: In software development process, which is not one of the key questions that is answered by each team member at each daily Scrum meeting ?

The question not asked is What is the cause of the problems you are encountering ?In the daily Scrum meeting, a short stand-up, each team member answers three questions: what did you do since the last meeting, what obstacles are you encountering, and what do you plan to accomplish by the next meeting.Analysing the cause of problems is deliberately kept out of the meeting so that it stays short; obstacles are only reported, and the Scrum Master follows them up afterwards. Options A, B and D are the three standard questions.

Q: ................... principle expect the system requirements to change and so design the system to accommodate the changes in Agile software development.

The principle is Embrace change.Among the principles of agile methods listed by Sommerville, 'embrace change' says that the system requirements should be expected to change, so the system should be designed to accommodate those changes.Incremental delivery concerns delivering the software in increments specified by the customer, 'people not process' concerns relying on the team's skills rather than prescribed processes, and 'maintain simplicity' concerns eliminating complexity.

Q: A product backlog in Scrum is owned by

The product backlog is owned by the Product Owner.The Scrum Guide makes the Product Owner accountable for the product backlog: creating and communicating its items, ordering them, and making sure it is transparent and understood. The Product Owner is one person, though others may help with the work.Developers own the sprint backlog and do the work. The Scrum Master coaches the team and removes obstacles but does not own either backlog. Stakeholders can influence the backlog through the Product Owner but do not own it.

If we compare agile process with the traditional process, then one of the following is a significant advantage of agile process :

A.Better suited for larger process
B.Scopes easily with changes in requirements
C.Can be used to mission critical system
D.Better suited for larger companies

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: B

The significant advantage is that agile copes easily with changes in requirements (printed 'Scopes easily').

Agile methods such as Scrum and XP deliver software in short iterations, with the customer involved throughout and requirements revisited at every iteration. Changing requirements, even late in development, are welcomed rather than resisted, which is the main advantage over plan-driven processes such as the waterfall model.

The other options describe where traditional processes are usually stronger: very large projects and organisations, and mission-critical or safety-critical systems that need extensive up-front documentation and formal verification.

Discuss in Forum

What are the three framework activities for the Adaptive Software Development (ASD) process model ?

A.Analysis, design, coding
B.Feasibility study, functional model iteration, implementation
C.Speculation, collaboration, learning
D.Requirements gathering, adaptive cycle planning, iterative development

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, SET Exam - 2019,

Answer: C

ASD's framework activities are speculation, collaboration, learning.

Jim Highsmith's Adaptive Software Development replaces the plan-design-build cycle with a speculate-collaborate-learn cycle. Speculation is adaptive cycle planning using the mission and constraints; collaboration brings motivated people together to build the components; learning reviews the results through focus groups, technical reviews and postmortems, feeding the next cycle.

Analysis, design and coding are the activities of a conventional linear model. Feasibility study and functional model iteration belong to DSDM. Adaptive cycle planning is part of speculation, not one of the three activities as a list.

Discuss in Forum

In software development process, which of the following is not an Agile methodology ?

A.XP
B.SCRUM
C.Waterfall
D.Feature Driven Development

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2019, SET Exam - 2019,

Answer: C

The one that is not agile is Waterfall.

The waterfall model is a linear, sequential plan-driven process: requirements, design, implementation, testing and maintenance follow one another, each phase completed before the next begins. It expects requirements to be fixed at the start, which is what agile methods reject.

Extreme Programming (XP), Scrum and Feature Driven Development are all agile methods: they deliver working software in short iterations, welcome changing requirements and rely on close collaboration with the customer.

Discuss in Forum

Which one of these is appropriate in an agile and iterative software development process ?

A.Gather a complete set of requirements before designing/building anything
B.Implement the system incrementally, building it up bit by bit
C.Implement the backend of the system first, that is, before implementing the front-end functionality with which users interact
D.Generate and maintain complete, detailed design documents, which comprehensively model all aspects of the design

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2020, SET Exam - 2020,

Answer: B

The agile practice is to Implement the system incrementally, building it up bit by bit.

Agile and iterative methods deliver working software in short iterations, each adding a small increment of functionality that users can see and give feedback on, so requirements and design evolve as the system grows.

Gathering all requirements first and producing complete, detailed design documents are features of the plan-driven waterfall model, and building the whole backend before any user-facing feature delays the feedback agile methods rely on.

Discuss in Forum

In software development process, ...................... is based on iterative incremental delivery as a response to changing and emergent requirements.

A.Agile development model
B.Evolutionary development model
C.Rapid application development model
D.Open source development model

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: A

The model is the Agile development model.

Agile methods, such as Scrum and Extreme Programming, deliver working software in short iterations, each adding an increment, and treat changing and emerging requirements as normal: the plan is revised after every iteration in response to feedback.

The evolutionary model also grows a system in versions, but it is defined by refining an initial prototype rather than by short, change-driven delivery cycles. Rapid application development stresses speed through reusable components and prototyping, and open source development describes a community-based way of building software, not a response to changing requirements.

Discuss in Forum

What are the four framework activities found in the Extreme Programming (XP) process model ?

A.analysis, design, coding, testing
B.planning, analysis, design, coding
C.planning, analysis, coding, testing
D.planning, design, coding, testing

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: D

The four XP framework activities are planning, design, coding, testing.

In Extreme Programming, planning begins with user stories and the customer's priorities; design follows the keep-it-simple principle with CRC cards and spike solutions; coding starts by writing unit tests and is done in pairs; and testing runs the automated unit tests continuously, with customer acceptance tests.

XP has no separate 'analysis' activity: understanding requirements happens inside planning through user stories. Every option that includes analysis is therefore wrong.

Discuss in Forum

In software development process, which is not one of the key questions that is answered by each team member at each daily Scrum meeting ?

A.What did you do since the last meeting ?
B.What obstacles are you encountering ?
C.What is the cause of the problems you are encountering ?
D.What do you plan to accomplish at the next team meeting ?

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2023, SET Exam - 2023,

Answer: C

The question not asked is What is the cause of the problems you are encountering ?

In the daily Scrum meeting, a short stand-up, each team member answers three questions: what did you do since the last meeting, what obstacles are you encountering, and what do you plan to accomplish by the next meeting.

Analysing the cause of problems is deliberately kept out of the meeting so that it stays short; obstacles are only reported, and the Scrum Master follows them up afterwards. Options A, B and D are the three standard questions.

Discuss in Forum

................... principle expect the system requirements to change and so design the system to accommodate the changes in Agile software development.

A.Incremental delivery
B.People not process
C.Embrace change
D.Maintain simplicity

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: C

The principle is Embrace change.

Among the principles of agile methods listed by Sommerville, 'embrace change' says that the system requirements should be expected to change, so the system should be designed to accommodate those changes.

Incremental delivery concerns delivering the software in increments specified by the customer, 'people not process' concerns relying on the team's skills rather than prescribed processes, and 'maintain simplicity' concerns eliminating complexity.

Discuss in Forum

A product backlog in Scrum is owned by

A.Developer
B.Product Owner
C.Scrum Master
D.Stakeholder

Exam Year(s)

Tripura Public Service Commission - 2026,

Answer: B

The product backlog is owned by the Product Owner.

The Scrum Guide makes the Product Owner accountable for the product backlog: creating and communicating its items, ordering them, and making sure it is transparent and understood. The Product Owner is one person, though others may help with the work.

Developers own the sprint backlog and do the work. The Scrum Master coaches the team and removes obstacles but does not own either backlog. Stakeholders can influence the backlog through the Product Owner but do not own it.

Discuss in Forum

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