The Database Environment Questions and Answers

Q: A shared database should:

Correct answer: All of the above.A database serving many people must be right, must be there when needed, must be recoverable after a failure, and must let each person see only what they should. None of the four can be dropped: an available database that is inaccurate is worse than useless, and an accurate one that cannot be recovered is a liability.

Q: The primary mechanism for providing context for data is metadata.

Correct answer: TrueData without context is a number without a meaning. Metadata supplies that context: what the item is called, what it means, what units it is in, where it came from and what it may legitimately contain. This is why the repository is central to a warehouse and to data quality generally.

Q: Some advantages of the database approach include all, but:

Correct answer: program-data dependency.Program-data independence is the advantage - the descriptions live in the catalogue rather than in each program, so a change to the data does not require every program to be rewritten. Dependence is the file-processing defect that the database approach exists to remove, so it is the odd one out here.

Q: A data warehouse uses:

Correct answer: historical operational data.A warehouse accumulates what the operational systems recorded, so it holds the past rather than the present. That is what makes trend and comparison possible, and it is why the warehouse is loaded from the operational systems periodically rather than entered directly - the operational systems hold the current state and overwrite it.

Q: Which of the following is true for a relational database?

Correct answer: Data is represented by tables.The relation is the model’s single structure, presented as a table of rows and columns, and everything else follows from it. The other two options are the opposite of the case for the relational model: data is reached by declarative query rather than navigation, and a simple query needs no program at all.

Out of the following functions, one of the responsibility is not of the utilities component of DBMS software :

A.Removing flagged records from deletion
B.Creating and maintaining the data dictionary
C.Creating the physical and logical designs
D.Performance monitoring

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: C

The responsibility that does not belong to the utilities is creating the physical and logical designs.

DBMS utilities are housekeeping programs used by the database administrator: loading data, backup and recovery, reorganising files, which includes removing records flagged for deletion and reclaiming their space, maintaining the data dictionary, and monitoring performance.

Logical and physical design are carried out by database designers before and during implementation, using modelling and design tools. They are a design activity, not a utility function of the DBMS software.

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Manager's salary details are to be hidden from Employee Table. This Technique is called as

A.Conceptual level Datahiding
B.Physical level Datahiding
C.External level Datahiding
D.Logical level Datahiding

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: C

Hiding the manager's salary details from the Employee table is done by giving users a view that leaves that column out, which is the external level of the three level architecture, so (C) is the answer. The external (view) level describes the part of the database that each user group sees, and hiding data from a group is done there. The conceptual (logical) level describes the whole database for the community, and the physical level describes how the data are stored on disk. Neither of those is where data are hidden from particular users, so (A), (B) and (D) are wrong. The hiding is the effect of an external schema, which is a view with limited columns.

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Match the following :

a. Foreign keys	i. Domain constraint
b. Private key	ii. Referential integrity
c. Event control action model	iii. Encryption
d. Data security	iv. Trigger

Codes : a b c d

A.iii ii i iv
B.ii i iv iii
C.iii iv i ii
D.i ii iii iv

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2013,

Answer: B

The correct matching is foreign keys with referential integrity (ii), the event control action model with trigger (iv), data security with encryption (iii), and, what remains, the private key with the domain constraint (i). This is code ii i iv iii, option (B).

A foreign key gives the referential integrity between two relations, so options (A) and (C), which pair it with encryption, and option (D), which pairs it with the domain constraint, are wrong on the first pair.

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A shared database should:

A.be accurate and available.
B.provide for backup and recovery.
C.be secure.
D.All of the above.

Answer: D

Correct answer: All of the above.

A database serving many people must be right, must be there when needed, must be recoverable after a failure, and must let each person see only what they should. None of the four can be dropped: an available database that is inaccurate is worse than useless, and an accurate one that cannot be recovered is a liability.

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An enterprise data model is:

A.a graphical model that shows the high-level entities for an organization.
B.a graphical model that shows all entities for an organization.
C.a non-graphical model that shows the high-level entities for an organization.
D.a non-graphical model that shows the all entities for an organization.

Answer: A

Correct answer: a graphical model that shows the high-level entities for an organization.

Both halves matter. It is graphical, so it can be read and validated by people who are not database specialists; and it shows high-level entities only, since a model containing every entity in the organisation would be unreadable and would not survive contact with change.

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The primary mechanism for providing context for data is metadata.

A.True
B.False

Answer: A

Correct answer: True

Data without context is a number without a meaning. Metadata supplies that context: what the item is called, what it means, what units it is in, where it came from and what it may legitimately contain. This is why the repository is central to a warehouse and to data quality generally.

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An extranet is which of the following?

A.The use of Internet protocols with limited access to company data by the company's customers and suppliers.
B.The use of Internet protocols with unlimited access to company data by the company's customers and suppliers.
C.The use of Internet protocols with limited access to company data by people within an organization.
D.The use of Internet protocols with unlimited access to company data by people within an organization.

Answer: A

Correct answer: The use of Internet protocols with limited access to company data by the company's customers and suppliers.

An extranet extends the internal network outward to named trading partners, using the same protocols as the public internet but with access controlled and limited. An intranet is the same technology restricted to people within the organisation; the difference is who is admitted, not what is used.

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Some advantages of the database approach include all, but:

A.minimal data redundancy.
B.improved data consistency.
C.improved data sharing.
D.program-data dependency.

Answer: D

Correct answer: program-data dependency.

Program-data independence is the advantage - the descriptions live in the catalogue rather than in each program, so a change to the data does not require every program to be rewritten. Dependence is the file-processing defect that the database approach exists to remove, so it is the odd one out here.

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A data warehouse uses:

A.partial operational data.
B.historical operational data.
C.future operational data.
D.health care data.

Answer: B

Correct answer: historical operational data.

A warehouse accumulates what the operational systems recorded, so it holds the past rather than the present. That is what makes trend and comparison possible, and it is why the warehouse is loaded from the operational systems periodically rather than entered directly - the operational systems hold the current state and overwrite it.

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10.

Which of the following is true for a relational database?

A.Data is represented by tables.
B.It is difficult to access data.
C.Complex programs have to be written for simple queries.
D.All of the above.

Answer: C

Correct answer: Data is represented by tables.

The relation is the model’s single structure, presented as a table of rows and columns, and everything else follows from it. The other two options are the opposite of the case for the relational model: data is reached by declarative query rather than navigation, and a simple query needs no program at all.

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