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Reading Comprehension Questions and Answers

Direction for [ Question No: 591 To 594 ] :

Read the passsage given below and answer the questions that follow by choosing the correct option in each case :

We can define a gentleman as one who never inflicts pain. Such a definition is both genteel and, as far as it goes, correct. Most of the time a gentleman is busy removing the hindrances that lie in the way of the people around him. He always offers a helping hand to those in distress. He does never impose himself upon others in their activities, rather lets them have a free hand in whatever they want to do. His helpful nature is just providing comfort like the offer of an easy chair or a glass of cool water to a weary traveller.

Answer: B

The statement that is not false is He is all praise for a gentleman.

The writer defines the gentleman as one who never inflicts pain, calls him helpful and comforting, and lists only good qualities, so the tone is wholly one of praise.

Nothing in the passage says the writer observed a gentleman from a distance, so that statement is unsupported. A gentleman is not critical of people in trouble: He always offers a helping hand to those in distress. He does not turn a blind eye to obstacles either, because he is busy removing the hindrances in the way of others.

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592.

Identify the word from the passage which is nearly opposite in meaning to 'comfort/happiness'.

Exam Year(s)

CBSE Assistant Secretary - 2024,

Answer: B

The word is Distress.

Comfort and happiness mean ease and well-being. Distress is suffering, anxiety or pain, the direct opposite, and the passage uses it for people in trouble who need a helping hand.

Hindrance means an obstacle, which is a cause of difficulty, not a feeling opposite to comfort. Genteel means polite and refined. Weary means tired and describes the traveller; it is the nearest rival, but it names a state of tiredness and not the opposite of happiness.

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593.

Identify the word from the passage which means nearly the same as 'force' (Verb).

Exam Year(s)

CBSE Assistant Secretary - 2024,

Answer: A

The word is Impose.

The passage says the gentleman does never impose himself upon others. To impose is to force oneself or something else on a person, which is the sense of the verb to force.

Inflict is close, but it means to cause something unpleasant such as pain or damage to be suffered, and the passage uses it with pain (never inflicts pain). Provide and offer mean to supply or hold out something, which is the opposite of forcing it on someone.

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594.

Choose the TRUE/FALSE statement(s).

A. A gentleman is generally helpful by nature.
B. He would offer a cool drink in winter to a tired traveller.
C. He finds that helping others is often painful.

Exam Year(s)

CBSE Assistant Secretary - 2024,

Answer: A

The right choice is A is true, B and C are false.

A is true: the passage speaks of His helpful nature. B is false: the passage mentions a glass of cool water for a weary traveller, but says nothing about winter. C is false: the gentleman's helping is described as providing comfort, and the passage never says that he finds it painful. Indeed it defines him as one who never inflicts pain.

So only A holds, and the options that make B or C true, or all three true, are wrong.

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Direction for [ Question No: 595 To 597 ] :

I felt the wall of the tunnel shiver. The master alarm squealed through my earphones. Almost simultaneously, Jack yelled down to me that there was a warning light on. Fleeting but spectacular sights snapped into and out of view, the snow, the shower of debris, the moon, looming close and big, the dazzling sunshine for once unfiltered by layers of air. The last twelve hours before re-entry were particularly bone-chilling. During this period, I had to go up into the command module. Even after the fiery re-entry splashing down in 81°F water in south pacific, we could still see our frosty breath inside the command module.

595.

The word 'Command Module' used twice in the given passage indicates perhaps that it deals with

Answer: B

Command module is the control center and living quarters for most of the lunar mission for astronauts. The fourth sentence in the passage indicates flight. In summary, the passage is about flight into outer space, so option c is correct.

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597.

The statement that the dazzling sunshine was "for once unfiltered by layers of air" means

Answer: D

Correct answer: None of the above

Unfiltered by layers of air says the sunlight reached them without passing through an atmosphere - that is, they were outside it. It says nothing about the sun's heat or about wind, and unpolluted air is still air, which is exactly what was absent.

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Direction for [ Question No: 598 To 600 ] :

Economists have long recognized a persistent and unfounded belief among the population which has come to be known as the anti-foreign bias. As a result of this bias, most people systematically underestimate the economic benefits of interactions with foreign nations. Some psychologists believe that this bias is rooted in a natural distrust of the "other," while others believe that a form of folk wisdom, seemingly in accord with common sense but nonetheless incorrect, explains the bias. This wisdom asserts that in any transaction there is a winner and a loser and any foreign nation that wants to engage in trade must be doing so because it seeks its own advantage. But nothing could be further from truth.

No less an authority than Adam Smith, one of the fathers of the modern free market system, spoke glowingly of foreign trade in his influential treatise Wealth of Nations. "What is prudence in the conduct of every private family, can scarce be folly in a great kingdom," said Smith. His point is simple. A baker trades his bread to the cobbler for shoes and both men benefit from the trade because of the value of specialization. The same principle works for nations. Even more startling, a basic economic theorem, the Law of Comparative Advantage, states that mutually beneficial trade is possible even if one nation is less productive than the other.

Suppose a citizen of Country X can produce either 10 computers or five bushels of wheat and a citizen of Country Y can produce either three computers or two bushels of wheat. If one citizen from Country X switches from producing wheat to computers and three citizens from Country Y switch from producing computers to wheat, there is a net gain of one computer and one bushel of wheat.

Answer: C

Correct answer: Demonstrating the fallacy of a particular way of thinking.

The passage names the anti-foreign bias, reports the folk wisdom behind it, says nothing could be further from truth, and then brings Smith and the Law of Comparative Advantage against it. The baker and the cobbler are the illustration used in that refutation, not the object of the passage.

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Answer: C

Correct answer: provide a concrete illustration of an economic principle

The pair is introduced immediately after Smith's remark about the private family and the great kingdom, and the passage draws the moral itself: both men benefit from the trade because of the value of specialization. The same principle works for nations. The example is used, not assessed.

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Answer: B

Correct answer: the Law of Comparative Advantage holds even when there is a large disparity in productivity between two nations

The passage says the theorem states that mutually beneficial trade is possible even if one nation is less productive than the other. That is what makes it startling: intuition says the less productive party must lose, and the law says otherwise.

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