What needs to be set right is our approach to work. It is a common sight in our country of employees reporting for duty on time and at the same time doing little work. If an assessment is made of time they spent in gossiping, drinking tea, eating "pan" and smoking cigarettes, it will be shocking to know that the time devoted to actual work is negligible. The problem is the standard which the leadership in administration sets for the staff. Forget the ministers because they mix politics and administration. What do top bureaucrats do? What do the below down officials do? The administrative set-up remains weak mainly because the employees do not have the right example to follow and they are more concerned about being in the good books of the bosses than doing work.
The leadership in administration
Answer: D
Correct answer: is of a very poor standard
The passage asks what top bureaucrats and lower officials actually do, and concludes that employees do not have the right example to follow. Setting no example to follow is precisely a poor standard, and it is offered as the main cause of the weakness described.
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The central idea of passage could be best expressed by the following
Answer: B
Correct answer: The employees must change their outlook towards work
The passage opens with what needs to be set right is our approach to work, which states the thesis outright, and everything after it is evidence for that need. The option calling the outlook justified reverses it, and the employer-employee relationship is not the subject.
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At this stage of civilisation, when many nations are brought into close and vital contact for good and evil, it is essential, as never before, that their gross ignorance of one another should be diminished, that they should begin to understand a little of one another's historical experience and resulting mentality. It is the fault of the English to expect the people of other countries to react as they do, to political and international situations. Our genuine goodwill and good intentions are often brought to nothing, because we expect other people to be like us. This would be corrected if we knew the history, not necessarily in detail but in broad outlines, of the social and political conditions which have given to each nation its present character.
According to the author of 'Mentality' of a nation is mainly product of its
Answer: A
Correct answer: History
The closing sentence says the remedy is to know the history… of the social and political conditions which have given to each nation its present character. History is presented as the cause; present character is the result, and politics one of the conditions history acted through.
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The need for a greater understanding between nations
Answer: C
Correct answer: Is more today than ever before
The opening words are at this stage of civilisation… it is essential, as never before. As never before is decisive: the need is not merely present but greater now than at any earlier time, because nations are in close and vital contact.
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The character of a nation is the result of its
Answer: D
Correct answer: Socio-political conditions
The passage names the cause explicitly: the social and political conditions which have given to each nation its present character. Mentality is a parallel result rather than a cause, and gross ignorance is the problem the passage sets out to cure.
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Englishmen like others to react to political situations like
Answer: B
Correct answer: Themselves
The passage says it is the fault of the English to expect the people of other countries to react as they do - that is, as the English themselves react. Us would be the wrong person for a sentence written about them in the third person.
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Male lions are rather reticent about expending their energy in hunting more than three quarters of kills are made by lionesses. When the pride is on the move, the lionesses are in front, tensely scanning ahead, the cubs lag playfully behind and the males bring up the rear, walking slowly, their massive heads nodding with each step as if they were bored with the whole matter. But slothfulness may have survival value. With lionesses busy hunting, the males function as guard for the cubs, protecting them particularly from hyenas.
According to the passage male lions generally do not go for huntings because
Answer: C
Correct answer: they wish to save their vigour for other things
The passage says males are reticent about expending their energy in hunting, and then explains what the saved energy is for: slothfulness may have survival value, because the males guard the cubs while the lionesses hunt. So the laziness is purposeful, which rules out the option that simply calls them lazy.
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Male lions protect their cubs
Answer: D
Correct answer: more from hyenas than from other animals
The passage says the males protect the cubs particularly from hyenas. Particularly singles hyenas out without excluding other predators, which is why from hyenas only overstates it and as much as from other enemies understates it.
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Lioness go for hunting
Answer: C
Correct answer: With their cubs and male partners
The passage describes the whole pride on the move: the lionesses in front, the cubs lagging playfully behind, and the males bringing up the rear. All three groups travel together, even though only the lionesses do the killing.
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When the lionesses go in search for their prey, they are very
Answer: B
Correct answer: cautious
The lionesses are described as tensely scanning ahead - alert to what lies in front of them, which is caution. Playful describes the cubs and sluggish the males, and serious misses the watchfulness that scanning conveys.
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