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Literary Theory After 1945 Questions and Answers

1.

‘Structuralism and Semiotics’, a book published in 1977 is written by:

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: C

Structuralism and Semiotics was written by Terence Hawkes and published in 1977 as the first volume in the New Accents series. Jonathan Culler wrote Structuralist Poetics (1975), Roland Barthes wrote Elements of Semiology and other works, and David Lodge wrote on the novel and criticism. So Hawkes is the author of this title. Hawkes was an English academic at Cardiff, and his book was the first in the New Accents series, which introduced modern critical theory to students. Culler wrote Structuralist Poetics in 1975, and Lodge wrote Language of Fiction, which is why the options are chosen from the same field.

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2.

Arrange the following in chronological order.
i. Gender Trouble
ii. Understanding Patriarchy
iii. The Madwoman in the Attic
iv. A Room of One's own

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: D

The order is iv, iii, i, ii as keyed. A Room of One's Own was published in 1929, The Madwoman in the Attic in 1979 and Gender Trouble in 1990. The key places Understanding Patriarchy last, so the date of that title was not confirmed here and the order is taken from the key. The options that begin with Gender Trouble put a 1990 work before the 1929 and 1979 works. Woolf's A Room of One's Own (1929) comes first, and Gilbert and Gubar's The Madwoman in the Attic (1979) is third. Butler's Gender Trouble followed in 1990, and the key puts Understanding Patriarchy last, which could not be matched to a date in this review.

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3.

Match the columns.

WorksAuthors
1. Sexual/Textual Politicsa) Sandra Gilbert and Susan Guber
2. The Mad Woman in the Atticb) Ellen Moers
3. Literary Womenc) Toril Moi
4. Psychoanalysis and Feminismd) Juliet Mitchell

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: A

The match is 1-c, 2-a, 3-b, 4-d. Sexual/Textual Politics (1985) is by Toril Moi, The Madwoman in the Attic (1979) is by Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar, Literary Women (1976) is by Ellen Moers, and Psychoanalysis and Feminism (1974) is by Juliet Mitchell. The other options assign the authors to the wrong titles. Sexual/Textual Politics (1985) by Toril Moi is a survey of feminist literary theory, Literary Women (1976) by Ellen Moers is a study of women writers, and Psychoanalysis and Feminism (1974) by Juliet Mitchell responds to Freud. These facts fix the pairs as 1-c, 3-b and 4-d, so 2-a follows.

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4.

According to Freud, hommes manques occurs in:

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: B

The key is 'females'. The term hommes manques, 'failed men', is used in the Freudian discussion of femininity for women, and the key records it as applying to females. The idea belongs to a theory of female sexuality that later feminist critics have challenged, and it is only the key that is being reported here. The answer is taken from the key, and the other options, males, hermaphrodites and eunuchs, are the ones it rejects.

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5.

Illusion and Reality, a seminal book on Marxism was written by:

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: D

Illusion and Reality (1937) was written by the Marxist critic Christopher Caudwell, and it is a study of the sources of poetry from a Marxist standpoint. Althusser, Gramsci and Engels wrote other Marxist works but not this book. The question prints his name as Claudwell. Caudwell was a British Marxist who died in the Spanish Civil War in 1937, and Illusion and Reality was published after his death that year, with Studies in a Dying Culture to follow. Althusser wrote For Marx, Gramsci wrote the Prison Notebooks, and Engels wrote Anti-Duhring.

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6.

Centre for Sexual Dissidence, also known as ‘SexDiss’, a pioneering academic department in the field of queer studies was founded by:

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: C

The Centre for Sexual Dissidence at the University of Sussex, known as SexDiss, was founded by Alan Sinfield and Jonathan Dollimore, who are associated with cultural materialism and early queer studies in Britain. Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, Bell Hooks, Judith Butler and Diana Fuss were American theorists, and they were not the founders. The Centre for Sexual Dissidence at Sussex was set up in the early 1990s by the cultural materialists Alan Sinfield and Jonathan Dollimore. Sedgwick, Hooks, Butler and Fuss were theorists in the United States, so they are not the founders.

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7.

The Haunting of Sylvia Plath, a book combining the insights of feminism, psychoanalysis and politics is written by:

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: A

The Haunting of Sylvia Plath (1991) was written by Jacqueline Rose, and it brings together feminism, psychoanalysis and politics in a reading of Plath's work. Jane Gallop, Juliet Mitchell and Kate Millett wrote other books on feminism and psychoanalysis. Rose's book of 1991 argues that Plath's writing cannot be separated from the fantasy and the politics of her time, and that biographies of her have been unfair. Jane Gallop wrote on Lacan and feminism, Juliet Mitchell wrote Psychoanalysis and Feminism, and Kate Millett wrote Sexual Politics.

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8.

Which critic has studied Jane Eyre in the colonial context, using imperialist ‘axiomatics’: the rational-human white and the animal-Jamaican Other?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: A

Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak studied Jane Eyre in the colonial context in her essay Three Women's Texts and a Critique of Imperialism (1985), in which she argues that the novel makes Bertha Mason the animal Other and so supports the imperial project. Anita Desai, Jamaica Kincaid and Keri Hulme are writers, not the critic. Spivak's essay appeared in Critical Inquiry in 1985 and argues that Jane Eyre's heroine is made a self through the figure of Bertha Mason, the mad Creole woman in the attic, who is made an animal Other. Desai, Kincaid and Hulme are novelists.

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9.

Who has written Imagine There's No Women, a book on psychoanalysis and feminism, published in 2002?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: D

Imagine There's No Woman: Ethics and Sublimation (2002) was written by Joan Copjec, the American psychoanalytic theorist, and it applies Lacanian ideas to ethics and sexual difference. Jacques Lacan and Sigmund Freud are the thinkers on whom she draws, and Stephen Heath wrote The Sexual Fix, so the key is Copjec. Copjec's book Imagine There's No Woman applies Lacan's idea of sexual difference to the ethics of Kant and Freud. Lacan, Freud and Stephen Heath are the thinkers that her book discusses, and the book itself is written by Copjec.

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10.

Who among the following supported the idea of the author's psychic life finding unconscious revelation in his work?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: B

Sigmund Freud supported the idea that the author's psychic life finds unconscious revelation in his work, which is the base of psychoanalytic criticism: a work is like a dream that expresses repressed wishes.

Jung stressed the collective unconscious and archetypes, Roland Barthes wrote on the death of the author, and Ellen Willis was a feminist critic.

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