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Operating System Structure Questions and Answers

1.

The process of organising the contents of each file into contiguous regions and creating larger areas of free space on the hard disk is called ______ and ______ is the process of making computer files take up less space on your computer by reducing the size of the file.

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB TGT - 2023,

Answer: B

Organising the contents of each file into contiguous regions and creating larger areas of free space on the disk is called defragmentation, and the process of making files take up less space by reducing their size is compression. Debugging means finding and fixing errors in a program, assembly is the process of translating assembly language, formatting prepares a disk for use, and mirroring keeps a duplicate copy of data on a second disk. None of these pairs fits both blanks.

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2.

Which of the following is NOT an input/output redirection symbol that Linux shell assigns?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB TGT - 2023,

Answer: D

The exclamation mark (!) is not an input/output redirection symbol. In the Linux shell the symbol < redirects standard input from a file, > redirects standard output to a file overwriting it, and >> appends the output to a file. The '!' is used for history expansion and for negation, not for redirecting input or output. For example, command > file.txt sends the output to a file, command < file.txt takes input from it, and command >> file.txt adds to it.

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3.

Which of the following Linux commands is/are used to search content from files?

Commands:
i) grep
ii) egrep
iii) fgrep
iv) find
v) tail
vi) tr

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB TGT - 2023,

Answer: A

The commands that search content from files are grep, egrep and fgrep, so i, ii and iii only. All three look for text patterns inside files. The command find searches for files by name or other attributes and not by what is inside them, tail prints the last lines of a file, and tr translates or deletes characters from its input. So the options with find, tail or tr are wrong. For example, grep pattern file prints the lines of the file that contain the pattern, and egrep and fgrep are variants for extended expressions and for fixed strings.

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4.

Which of the following commands is/are used to create files in Linux?

Commands:
i) touch
ii) cat
iii) head
iv) finger

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB TGT - 2023,

Answer: C

The commands that create files in Linux are touch and cat, so i and ii only. The touch command creates an empty file, and cat can create a file with redirection, as in cat > file. The head command shows the first lines of a file and finger shows information about users, so iii and iv do not create files. The options with them, or with only one command, are wrong. For example touch notes.txt creates an empty file, and cat > notes.txt lets the user type text into a new file.

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5.

Which of the following is NOT a system call category?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB TGT - 2023,

Answer: D

'Data Compilation' is not a system call category. The usual categories are process control, file manipulation, device manipulation, information maintenance and communication. Process control, device manipulation and file manipulation are named in the options, so the fourth option is the odd one out. The system calls of an operating system let programs request services such as creating a process, opening a file or reading from a device.

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6.

Which option is used for ignoring case during pattern search in grep command ?

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: A

The option is -i.

grep -i pattern file ignores the difference between upper and lower case, so 'unix', 'Unix' and 'UNIX' all match.

-l lists only the names of the files containing a match, and -c prints the count of matching lines instead of the lines. -p is not a standard grep option.

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7.

In win 32-Windows programming, the first message received by a windows procedure is :

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: B

The first message is WM_CREATE.

When a program calls CreateWindow, Windows sends WM_CREATE to the window procedure before the function returns, so the program can initialise the window, for example creating child controls. Petzold's Programming Windows describes it as the first message a window procedure processes; strictly a few non-client messages such as WM_NCCREATE come before it, but none of them is offered here.

WM_PAINT arrives later, when the window is shown and needs drawing, and WM_ACTIVATE when it is activated. WM_INIT is not a Windows message; dialog boxes use WM_INITDIALOG.

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8.

................. is the MS-DOS command, counterpart to 'tar' of unix.

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: B

The MS-DOS counterpart of tar is backup.

Unix tar (tape archive) bundles files and directories into a single archive, traditionally for backup to tape. MS-DOS provided the BACKUP command (with RESTORE) to copy files and directory trees from a hard disk to backup media in a form that could later be restored.

DIR only lists directory contents, COPY copies individual files without creating an archive, and EDIT is a text editor.

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9.

In a distributed system, a link and site failed due to some reason, what is the mechanism for detectings the failure.

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: B

Link and site failures are detected by handshaking.

In a distributed system each site periodically exchanges 'I-am-up' messages with its neighbours. If a site does not receive the expected message within a time limit, it sends an 'Are-you-up?' message, possibly along another route; the reply, or the lack of one, tells it whether the link or the remote site has failed. This exchange is the handshaking procedure described in standard operating systems texts.

Polling and token passing are ways of sharing a channel, and 'backup multiplexing' is not a failure-detection mechanism.

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10.

In case of multiprogramming the degree is defined as :

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2018, SET Exam - 2018,

Answer: D

The degree of multiprogramming is the number of processes in memory.

Multiprogramming keeps several processes in main memory at once so that the CPU can switch to another when one waits for I/O. The degree of multiprogramming is the number of processes resident in memory, and it is controlled by the long-term scheduler, which decides how many jobs to admit.

The number in the ready queue or in an I/O queue is only part of the processes in memory at any moment, and the number of processes executed per unit time is throughput, not the degree of multiprogramming.

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