Thinking, Intelligence and Creativity Questions and Answers

Q: The concept of ‘creative intelligence’ was given by

The concept of creative intelligence was given by Sternberg.In his triarchic theory Robert Sternberg describes three kinds of intelligence: analytical, creative and practical. Creative intelligence is the ability to deal with novel situations and to generate new ideas.Gardner is known for multiple intelligences, Guilford for the structure of intellect model with divergent production, and Torrance for tests of creative thinking. None of them used the term creative intelligence in the sense of this question.

Q: In Jensen's distinction between level-I and level-II abilities, which one of the following is not a characteristic of Level-I ability ?

The feature that is not a characteristic of Level-I ability is that it is abstract and measured by culture-reduced tests.Jensen's Level I is associative ability, such as rote memory and digit span. It needs little transformation of input, involves registration and consolidation of stimuli, and was claimed to be spread about evenly among racial groups.The abstract, culture-reduced character belongs to Level II (conceptual) ability, which is measured by tests of reasoning. So that option describes the wrong level.

Q: Read each of the following two statements Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answer using the codes given below :Assertion (A) : Environments that affect educational and cultural opportunities influence crystallised intelligence directly and fluid intelligence indirectly.Reason (R) : Crystallised intelligence is developed through the investment of fluid intelligence in cultural settings.Codes :

The assertion is false and the reason is true.The reason states the investment theory of Cattell: crystallised intelligence is built when fluid intelligence is invested in learning within a cultural setting. Fluid intelligence is regarded as biologically based and relatively free of education and culture.The assertion, which says the environment acts on fluid intelligence indirectly, goes against that view, so (A) is false. The options that call (A) true are rejected.

Q: Fill in the blanks : Gardner's theory of multiple intellgence refers to an individual's eight separate abilities, logical mathematical, verbal, _________, spatial, _________, interpersonal, _________ and naturalistic.Codes :

The blanks are musical, bodily-kinesthetic and intrapersonal.Gardner's eight intelligences are logical-mathematical, verbal-linguistic, musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal and naturalistic. The sentence lists them in this order with three gaps.Mechanical, mental and cognitive are not among the eight, so the other options are rejected. The eight listed are the abilities Gardner finally named, after he added naturalistic intelligence to his earlier seven.

Q: Which of the following strategies facilitate problem solving ?1. Algorithms2. Mental set3. Planning fallacy4. Heuristics5. AnalogyCodes :

The strategies that facilitate problem solving are algorithms, heuristics and analogy (1, 4 and 5).An algorithm guarantees a solution by following a set procedure, a heuristic is a rule of thumb that shortens the search, and reasoning by analogy carries a solution from a known problem to the new one.Mental set and the planning fallacy get in the way of solving problems: a mental set keeps a person stuck with a method that worked earlier, and the planning fallacy is underestimating the time or resources needed. The options containing 2 or 3 are rejected.

211.

Which of the following is not a consequence of Spearman's theory ?

A.The correlation between different measures of intelligence will be positive.
B.The correlation between two measures of intelligence will be equal to \(r_{1g} \times r_{2g}\), where 1 and 2 represent the two different measures and g represents general factor.
C.The correlation between two measures of intelligence will be equal to \(r_{1g} + r_{2g}\), where 1 and 2 represent the two different measures and g represents general factor.
D.The law of tetrad difference will hold for four measures of intelligence

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: C

The statement that is not a consequence of Spearman's theory is that the correlation between two measures equals the sum \(r_{1g} + r_{2g}\). In the two-factor theory each test measures the general factor g plus a specific factor, and the correlation between two tests is the product of their g loadings: \[ r_{12} = r_{1g} \times r_{2g} \] so the sum is wrong. Positive correlations among all tests (the positive manifold) and the vanishing tetrad difference are both consequences of the theory, so those options are true statements and not the answer.

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212.

A test involves presenting a pair of words like FATHER-DAUGHTER and the subject is required to list as many ways in which the pair is related. In this measure which of the abilities are given by Guilford ?

A.Divergent production of symbolic relations.
B.Divergent production of semantic relations.
C.Convergent production of symbolic relations.
D.Divergent production of semantic systems.

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: B

The test measures divergent production of semantic relations. Guilford's structure of intellect model crosses operations, contents and products. Listing many ways in which a pair of words (father and daughter) is related is divergent production, because many answers are produced, and the content is semantic, since the meanings of words are used. The product is relations, because the link between two items is asked for. Convergent production seeks one right answer, and symbolic content refers to letters or numbers, and 'semantic systems' is a different product.

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213.

Match List - I and List - II and indicate your answer with the help of codes given below :

List - I (Phenomenon)	List - II (Description)
p. Thoughts	1. Properties that best exemplify the concept
q. Concept	2. Process of assigning an object to a concept (Class)
r. Prototype	3. Language of the mind
s. Categorization	4. Represents an entire class

Codes : p q r s

A.3 2 1 4
B.3 4 1 2
C.1 2 3 4
D.4 3 2 1

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: B

The correct matching is p-3, q-4, r-1, s-2. Thoughts are the language of the mind. A concept represents an entire class of objects. A prototype consists of the properties that best exemplify the concept, the most typical member. Categorisation is the process of assigning an object to a concept or class. This gives code 3 4 1 2. The other codes pair thoughts with assigning an object to a class, or a concept with the best exemplar, which confuses the terms.

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214.

Which of the following is / are not a product in Guilford's model ?

1. Convergent production
2. Divergent production
3. Transformation
4. Implication
Codes :

A.1 and 2
B.3 and 4
C.1, 2 and 3
D.1, 2 and 4

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: A

Convergent production and divergent production are not products in Guilford's model, so the answer is 1 and 2. In the structure of intellect model, convergent and divergent production are operations, along with cognition, memory and evaluation. The six products are units, classes, relations, systems, transformations and implications, so transformation and implication, items 3 and 4, are products. The other options include 3 or 4 and so wrongly call a product a non-product.

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215.

The process of expanding our level of awareness and allowing us to observe ourselves engaged in the problem-solving process is termed as :

A.Representativeness Heuristic
B.Algorithm
C.Anchoring - and - Adjustment Heuristic
D.Metacognitive Processing

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: D

Metacognitive processing is the term. It is thinking about one's own thinking: expanding awareness and watching oneself work through a problem, so that one can monitor and regulate the strategy. The representativeness heuristic and the anchoring-and-adjustment heuristic are mental shortcuts for judgement, and an algorithm is a fixed procedure that guarantees a solution; none of them is self-observation of the process.

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216.

The concept of ‘creative intelligence’ was given by

A.Gardner
B.Guilford
C.Torrance
D.Sternberg

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: D

The concept of creative intelligence was given by Sternberg.

In his triarchic theory Robert Sternberg describes three kinds of intelligence: analytical, creative and practical. Creative intelligence is the ability to deal with novel situations and to generate new ideas.

Gardner is known for multiple intelligences, Guilford for the structure of intellect model with divergent production, and Torrance for tests of creative thinking. None of them used the term creative intelligence in the sense of this question.

Discuss in Forum

217.

In Jensen's distinction between level-I and level-II abilities, which one of the following is not a characteristic of Level-I ability ?

A.It involves neural registration and consolidation of stimulus inputs.
B.It involves relatively little transformation of input.
C.It is abstract and is measured by tests which are "culture reduced".
D.It is relatively homogeneously distributed among different racial group.

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: C

The feature that is not a characteristic of Level-I ability is that it is abstract and measured by culture-reduced tests.

Jensen's Level I is associative ability, such as rote memory and digit span. It needs little transformation of input, involves registration and consolidation of stimuli, and was claimed to be spread about evenly among racial groups.

The abstract, culture-reduced character belongs to Level II (conceptual) ability, which is measured by tests of reasoning. So that option describes the wrong level.

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218.

Read each of the following two statements Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answer using the codes given below :

Assertion (A) : Environments that affect educational and cultural opportunities influence crystallised intelligence directly and fluid intelligence indirectly.
Reason (R) : Crystallised intelligence is developed through the investment of fluid intelligence in cultural settings.
Codes :

A.Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is correct explanation of (A).
B.Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C.(A) is true, but (R) is false.
D.(A) is false, but (R) is true.

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: D

The assertion is false and the reason is true.

The reason states the investment theory of Cattell: crystallised intelligence is built when fluid intelligence is invested in learning within a cultural setting. Fluid intelligence is regarded as biologically based and relatively free of education and culture.

The assertion, which says the environment acts on fluid intelligence indirectly, goes against that view, so (A) is false. The options that call (A) true are rejected.

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219.

Fill in the blanks : Gardner's theory of multiple intellgence refers to an individual's eight separate abilities, logical mathematical, verbal, _________, spatial, _________, interpersonal, _________ and naturalistic.

Codes :

A.Bodily-kinesthetic, mechanical, intrapersonal
B.Mechanical, bodily-kinesthetic, intrapersonal
C.Mental, bodily-kinesthetic, cognitive
D.Musical, bodily-kinesthetic, intrapersonal

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: D

The blanks are musical, bodily-kinesthetic and intrapersonal.

Gardner's eight intelligences are logical-mathematical, verbal-linguistic, musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal and naturalistic. The sentence lists them in this order with three gaps.

Mechanical, mental and cognitive are not among the eight, so the other options are rejected. The eight listed are the abilities Gardner finally named, after he added naturalistic intelligence to his earlier seven.

Discuss in Forum

220.

Which of the following strategies facilitate problem solving ?

1. Algorithms
2. Mental set
3. Planning fallacy
4. Heuristics
5. Analogy
Codes :

A.1, 2 and 4
B.2, 3 and 4
C.1 and 5
D.1, 4 and 5

Exam Year(s)

UGC NET - 2014,

Answer: D

The strategies that facilitate problem solving are algorithms, heuristics and analogy (1, 4 and 5).

An algorithm guarantees a solution by following a set procedure, a heuristic is a rule of thumb that shortens the search, and reasoning by analogy carries a solution from a known problem to the new one.

Mental set and the planning fallacy get in the way of solving problems: a mental set keeps a person stuck with a method that worked earlier, and the planning fallacy is underestimating the time or resources needed. The options containing 2 or 3 are rejected.

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