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Thinking, Intelligence and Creativity Questions and Answers

1.

Which of the following tests is a good example of simultaneous processing described by the PASSS model of intelligence?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: A

Raven's Progressive Matrices is the key's example of simultaneous processing in the PASS model (Planning, Attention, Simultaneous and Successive processing). Simultaneous processing means grasping several pieces of information together as one whole pattern, which is what completing a matrix of figures demands.

The 16 PF is a self-report personality inventory, not a processing task. An immediate memory test, which asks for items to be recalled in order, is the usual example of successive processing, and the pattern drawing test is not one the key accepts.

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2.

Which of the following is NOT a technique of creative thinking?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: D

An algorithmic approach is a step-by-step rule that guarantees a solution if followed correctly, so it is a problem-solving strategy and not a technique for creative thinking. Brainstorming (generating many ideas without judging), mind mapping (diagramming ideas around a centre) and lateral thinking (de Bono's approach of looking at a problem from unusual directions) are all recognised creative techniques.

An algorithm guarantees an answer by following fixed steps, which is the reverse of the open, idea-generating nature of creative techniques.

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3.

Match the following.

NameDefinition
1. Artificial conceptA. Categories that are usually ill-defined.
2. ConceptB. An instruction to do something.
3. RuleC. A category that is used to refer to a number of objects and events.
4. Natural rigid conceptD. Well defined, and have precise and rigid rules

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: C

The matching is 1-D, 2-C, 3-B, 4-A. An artificial concept is well defined and has precise, rigid rules. A concept is a category used to refer to a number of objects and events. A rule is an instruction to do something. A natural concept is a category that is usually ill-defined.

Options 1, 2 and 4 each mismatch at least two pairs, for example by pairing 'rule' with a category definition.

A natural concept is a loose category such as 'bird', whereas an artificial concept, such as a triangle, has exact defining rules.

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4.

Which of the following intelligence types given in the theory of multiple intelligence suggests that the abilities involved in forming, using, and transforming mental images?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: B

Spatial intelligence is the ability to form, use and transform mental images, in Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, and it is used by architects, sailors, painters and pilots. Logical-mathematical intelligence is about reasoning with numbers and abstract patterns. 'Abstract intelligence' is not one of Gardner's types, and componential intelligence belongs to Sternberg's triarchic theory, where it means analytic thinking.

Gardner's spatial intelligence is shown by sailors, sculptors and surgeons, who all work with mental images of space and form.

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5.

A graduate student thinks that he will write a resume, investigate the job market, and consult with friends and teachers for the job. The student is in which of the stages of problem solving?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: B

The student is planning the solution. Writing a resume, investigating the job market and consulting friends and teachers are the steps chosen to reach the goal, which is the planning stage. Identifying the problem would be recognising that a job is needed, representation of the problem is forming a picture of it, and evaluating the plan comes after acting, to see whether it worked.

Evaluating the plan comes after the plan has been carried out, so it is wrong here, and the student has not yet acted. The student has already identified the problem (needing a job), so planning is the stage he is in.

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6.

Which of the following intelligence types is NOT included in the theory of multiple intelligence?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: C

'Creative' intelligence is not one of the types in Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences. His types are linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, bodily-kinaesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal and naturalistic. Intrapersonal, interpersonal and logical-mathematical are all on that list, so the options naming them are wrong.

Gardner later added a naturalist intelligence to the original seven, but he did not add creativity as a separate intelligence.

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7.

In which of the stages of roblem solving the information is expressed in terms of visual imagery by the problem solver?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: A

Expressing the information as visual imagery belongs to the representation of the problem stage. Here the problem solver forms a mental picture, a diagram or a set of symbols that captures the problem. In planning the solution one chooses the steps to take, in evaluating the plan one checks the result, and in identifying the problem one recognises that a problem exists.

Representing the problem means putting it in a form that can be worked on, such as a picture, a diagram, a table or a verbal description.

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8.

Which of the following is NOT a category of creativity?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: C

'Eff-C' is not a category of creativity. The commonly used categories are mini-c, little-c, Pro-C and Big-C. Big-C is eminent creativity of great figures, Pro-C is professional-level creativity, and little-c is everyday creativity, which is why those three are not the answer.

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9.

The concept of functional fixedness is one of the obstacles in problem solving which has emerged from which of the following schools of thought?

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: C

Functional fixedness, seeing an object only in its usual function, is a Gestalt obstacle to problem solving, from its work on productive thinking and insight (Duncker's candle problem). It is not from behaviourism, which concerns observable stimulus-response learning, nor psychoanalysis, which concerns the unconscious, nor humanism, which concerns personal growth.

Karl Duncker's candle problem of 1945 is the classic Gestalt demonstration: people fail to use the box of tacks as a platform because they see it only as a container.

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10.

A highly inspired girl used a plastic rulerto cut a full sheet of paper into two equal halves. Which of the following obstacle(s) has she seemingly overcome?

1. Mental set
2. Deficiency of motivation
3. Functional fixedness

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: C

She overcame functional fixedness, so the answer is Only 3. Functional fixedness is seeing an object only in its usual use, and she used a plastic ruler as a cutting tool for paper, a use it is not meant for. Mental set, the tendency to keep using a method that worked before, is not what the stem shows, and she is described as highly inspired, so a deficiency of motivation was not the obstacle either.

She used the ruler for a purpose other than its usual one, as a cutting edge, which shows that she overcame functional fixedness.

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