Which programming language was designed chiefly for artificial intelligence and symbolic processing ?
Answer: C
Correct answer: LISP
LISP, created by John McCarthy in 1958, is built on list processing and treats code and data in the same form, which suits symbolic manipulation. FORTRAN was written for scientific computation and COBOL for business data processing.
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Problem oriented language is
Answer: C
Correct answer: All of the above
A problem oriented language lets the programmer state the problem in the terms of the application rather than in the terms of the machine. Both BASIC and PL/1 are high level languages of that kind.
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Which one of the following statement is true for Assembly language?
Answer: C
Correct answer: It uses alphabetic codes.
Assembly language replaces the binary operation codes of machine language with short mnemonics - ADD, MOV, JMP - which is what makes it readable. It still has to be translated, by an assembler, and it is harder to write in than any high level language, so the other statements are false.
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A bit is the measuring unit of the width of a processor’s data path. Commonly used data path is of
Answer: C
Correct answer: 8 bits
The data path is the number of bits the processor moves at once, and in the eight-bit microprocessors these questions are written around - the 8080, the 6502, the Z-80 - that width is one byte. Later families widened it to 16, 32 and 64 bits.
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In statement "After last mark enter -1" in COMAL programming language, rogue value is
Answer: A
Correct answer: -1
A rogue value is a value outside the range of the real data, used to signal the end of input. Marks cannot be negative, so -1 can never be mistaken for a mark, which is precisely what makes it a safe terminator.
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All numbers including decimals are classified as
Answer: B
Correct answer: real numbers
In programming, real is the type that admits a fractional part, as against integer, which does not. Prime and composite are properties of integers rather than data types.
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Second component in algorithms is classified as
Answer: A
Correct answer: selection
The three constructs of structured programming come in order: sequence first, then selection - choosing between alternatives - and then repetition. Selection is what allows an algorithm to do more than one fixed thing.
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In structured programming language such as Pascal, operations is then refined using
Answer: B
Correct answer: procedure
Structured programming works by stepwise refinement: each operation is broken into smaller operations, and in Pascal each is written as a procedure. The other options describe properties of data, not the means of refining an operation.
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General term use for self-contained small set of instructions is referred as
Answer: A
Correct answer: routine
Routine is the general word for a small self-contained set of instructions. Function, procedure and subroutine are particular kinds of routine, distinguished by whether they return a value and how they are called.
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The language which is understood by the computer is
Answer: A
Correct answer: Machine language
Only machine language is executed directly. Low level language is a category that includes assembly, which still needs an assembler, and high level languages need a compiler or interpreter.
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