Functions Questions and Answers

Q: What is the output of this C code? void main() { m(); m(); } void m() { static int x = 5; x++; printf("%d", x); }

Correct answer: 6 7A static local is initialised once, before the program starts, and keeps its value between calls - its storage lasts as long as the program even though its name is local. So the first call prints 6 and the second 7. An ordinary local would print 6 both times.

Q: The output of the code below is void m(int k) { printf("hi"); } void m(double k) { printf("hello"); } void main() { m(3); }

Correct answer: Compile time errorC has no function overloading: two functions cannot share a name, whatever their parameters. The compiler reports a redefinition. In C++ this would compile, and m(3) would select the int version.

Q: If no storage class is specified for a local variable, the default is auto.

Correct answer: trueA variable declared inside a block with no storage class is auto - on the stack, uninitialised, and gone when the block ends. The keyword is almost never written, precisely because it is the default.

Q: Which function definition will run correctly?

Correct answer: int sum(int a, int b) {return (a + b);}A function definition must have its body in braces. The forms without braces are not definitions at all. (The third also uses the old K&R parameter style but omits the type declarations that style requires.)

Q: A function may have any number of return statements each returning different values.

Correct answer: TrueA function may contain as many return statements as its logic needs - typically one per branch - and each may return a different value. The first one reached ends the function.

Q: Which of the following is a storage specifier?

Correct answer: autoThe storage class specifiers are auto, register, static, extern and typedef. enum and union introduce types, and volatile is a type qualifier, not a storage class.

Q: In C, a global variable that is not explicitly initialised is set to ________.

Correct answer: zeroVariables with static storage duration, which includes all globals, are zero-initialised before the program starts. It is local variables of automatic storage duration that hold indeterminate values until assigned.

Q: The output of the code below is void main() { int k = m(); printf("%d", k); } void m() { printf("hello"); }

Correct answer: Errorm is defined after main and not declared before it, so at the call the compiler either rejects it outright or, under the old rules, assumes int m() - and the later definition as void m() then conflicts with that assumption. Either way the program does not compile. Assigning the result of a void function to an int would be an error in its own right.

Q: What is the output of this C code? void main() { m(); printf("%d", x); } int x; void m() { x = 4; }

Correct answer: Compile time errorx is declared after main, so it is not in scope where main uses it, and m is neither declared nor defined before its call. The compiler rejects the program on both counts.

61.

What is the output of this C code?

void main()
    {
        m();
        m();
    }
    void m()
    {
        static int x = 5;
        x++;
        printf("%d", x);
    }

A.6 7
B.6 6
C.5 5
D.5 6

Answer: A

Correct answer: 6 7

A static local is initialised once, before the program starts, and keeps its value between calls - its storage lasts as long as the program even though its name is local. So the first call prints 6 and the second 7. An ordinary local would print 6 both times.

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62.

The output of the code below is

void m(int k)
    {
        printf("hi");
    }
    void m(double k)
    {
        printf("hello");
    }
    void main()
    {
        m(3);
    }

A.hi
B.hello
C.Compile time error
D.Nothing

Answer: C

Correct answer: Compile time error

C has no function overloading: two functions cannot share a name, whatever their parameters. The compiler reports a redefinition. In C++ this would compile, and m(3) would select the int version.

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63.

If no storage class is specified for a local variable, the default is auto.

A.true
B.false
C.Depends on the standard
D.None of the mentioned

Answer: A

Correct answer: true

A variable declared inside a block with no storage class is auto - on the stack, uninitialised, and gone when the block ends. The keyword is almost never written, precisely because it is the default.

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64.

Which function definition will run correctly?

A.int sum(int a, int b) return (a + b);
B.int sum(int a, int b) {return (a + b);}
C.int sum(a, b) return (a + b);
D.Both (a) and (b)

Answer: B

Correct answer: int sum(int a, int b) {return (a + b);}

A function definition must have its body in braces. The forms without braces are not definitions at all. (The third also uses the old K&R parameter style but omits the type declarations that style requires.)

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65.

A function may have any number of return statements each returning different values.

A.True
B.False

Answer: A

Correct answer: True

A function may contain as many return statements as its logic needs - typically one per branch - and each may return a different value. The first one reached ends the function.

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66.

Which of the following is a storage specifier?

A.enum
B.union
C.auto
D.volatile

Answer: C

Correct answer: auto

The storage class specifiers are auto, register, static, extern and typedef. enum and union introduce types, and volatile is a type qualifier, not a storage class.

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67.

In C, a global variable that is not explicitly initialised is set to ________.

A.a junk value
B.zero
C.the value of the last assignment
D.an implementation-defined constant

Answer: D

Correct answer: zero

Variables with static storage duration, which includes all globals, are zero-initialised before the program starts. It is local variables of automatic storage duration that hold indeterminate values until assigned.

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68.

The output of the code below is

void main()
    {
        int k = m();
        printf("%d", k);
    }

    void m()
    {

        printf("hello");
    }

A.hello 5
B.Error
C.Nothing
D.Junk value

Answer: A

Correct answer: Error

m is defined after main and not declared before it, so at the call the compiler either rejects it outright or, under the old rules, assumes int m() - and the later definition as void m() then conflicts with that assumption. Either way the program does not compile. Assigning the result of a void function to an int would be an error in its own right.

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69.

Usually recursion works slower than loops.

A.Yes
B.No

Answer: A

When a recursive call is made, the function/process clones itself and then process that funtion. This leads to time and space constrains.

In a loop, there is no recursive call involved that saves a lot of time and space too.

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70.

What is the output of this C code?

void main()
    {
        m();
        printf("%d", x);
    }
    int x;
    void m()
    {
        x = 4;
    }

A.4
B.Compile time error
C.Undefined

Answer: B

Correct answer: Compile time error

x is declared after main, so it is not in scope where main uses it, and m is neither declared nor defined before its call. The compiler rejects the program on both counts.

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