High density double sided floppy disks could store _____ of data
Answer: D
Correct answer: 1.44 MB
A high-density double-sided 3.5-inch floppy held 1.44 MB: 80 tracks a side, 18 sectors a track, 512 bytes a sector, over two sides. The earlier double-density disk held 720 KB.
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Chief component of first generation computer was
Answer: B
Correct answer: Vacuum Tubes and Valves
The vacuum tube, or valve, was the switching element of the first generation. Transistors and integrated circuits define the second and third generations.
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Multi user systems provided cost savings for small business because they use a single processing unit to link several
Answer: C
Correct answer: Dumb terminals
The saving came from sharing: one processor with many cheap dumb terminals attached, each little more than a keyboard and screen. A small business could then give several people access to the machine for far less than the cost of a computer each - the standard arrangement before personal computers became affordable.
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A computer consists of
Answer: D
Correct answer: All of the above
A computer, in the von Neumann scheme, consists of a central processing unit to compute and control, a memory to hold instructions and data, and input and output units to communicate with the outside world. Remove any of them and what remains is not a computer.
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When was Pascaline invented?
Answer: C
Correct answer: 1642
Blaise Pascal built the Pascaline in 1642, at the age of nineteen, to help his father with tax accounts. Geared wheels performed addition and subtraction with automatic carrying - the first calculating machine to handle the carry mechanically.
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When was the world’s first laptop computer introduced in the market and by whom?
Answer: B
Correct answer: Epson, 1981
The Epson HX-20, announced in 1981, is generally counted the first true laptop: a full keyboard, a small LCD, a printer and rechargeable batteries, all in about 1.6 kg. Earlier “portables” such as the Osborne 1 were luggable rather than lap-sized.
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Machine language is
Answer: D
Correct answer: All of above
All three are true of machine language. It is machine dependent, since the binary codes belong to one processor’s instruction set; it is difficult to program, being written in binary with addresses managed by hand; and for the same reasons it is error prone, and errors are hard to find. Assembly language cured the worst of it, and high-level languages the rest.
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Which is used for manufacturing chips?
Answer: C
Correct answer: Semiconductors
Chips are fabricated from semiconductors, silicon above all. A semiconductor conducts only under certain conditions, and it is that controllability - achieved by doping the crystal with impurities - which makes a transistor, and so a switch, possible. Buses and control units are things built from chips.
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The difference between memory and storage is that memory is _____ and storage is __
Answer: A
Correct answer: Temporary, permanent
Memory (RAM) is working space: fast, directly addressable and volatile, so its contents vanish when the power goes. Storage (disk) is slower but keeps its contents permanently, and is much larger. Anything to be kept must be saved from the first to the second.
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Magnetic disks are the most popular medium for
Answer: C
Correct answer: Both of above
A magnetic disk supports both. Its read-write head can be positioned on any track, so any record can be reached directly in about the same time; and records can equally be read one after another in order, which is sequential access. That combination is what made the disk displace magnetic tape, which allows sequential access only.
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