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Statement - Assumptions Questions and Answers

Important Instructions
Direction for [ Question No: 1 To 6 ] :

In each of the questions below is given a statement and followed by two arguments/assumptions numbered I and II. Consider the arguments/assumptions and decide which is correct.

1.

Statement : Government has made home loans cheaper.

Assumption I : More people are likely to take home loans.
Assumption II : Price of houses will come down.

Exam Year(s)

MPPSC State Service - 2022, MPPSC Forest Service - 2022,

Answer: A

Only assumption I is implicit.

A government makes loans cheaper to encourage borrowing, so the decision assumes that cheaper home loans will lead more people to take them. That is assumption I.

Assumption II does not follow. Cheaper loans increase demand for houses, which tends to push prices up rather than down, and in any case the statement says nothing about house prices. So the options with II implicit are wrong.

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2.

Statement : Every IIT offers B.Tech. and M.Tech. courses.

Assumption I : B.Tech. and M.Tech. courses are offered only in IITs.
Assumption II : IITs are meant for B.Tech. and M.Tech. courses only.

Exam Year(s)

MPPSC State Service - 2022, MPPSC Forest Service - 2022,

Answer: D

Neither assumption I nor II is strong.

The statement says only that every IIT offers both courses. It does not say that only IITs offer them, so assumption I is not implied, and many other engineering colleges and universities offer B.Tech. and M.Tech.

Nor does it say IITs offer nothing else, so assumption II is not implied either; IITs also run doctoral and other programmes. Both assumptions turn 'every IIT offers' into 'only' statements that the original does not make.

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3.

Statement : Mobile gaming has increased these days because of readily available data over mobile phone services.

Assumption I : People have got a craze about mobile games.
Assumption II : It is easier to obtain many games on mobiles than from a personal computer.

Exam Year(s)

MPPSC State Service - 2022, MPPSC Forest Service - 2022,

Answer: D

Neither assumption I nor II is strong.

The statement gives one cause for the rise in mobile gaming: data is readily available on mobile phones. It does not depend on people having a craze for mobile games, so assumption I is not needed; the rise could come simply from easier access.

It also makes no comparison with personal computers, so assumption II, that games are easier to obtain on mobiles than on a PC, is not something the statement takes for granted.

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4.

Statement : Book-reading must be encouraged in young age as it provides comprehensive and detailed information about a given issue.

Assumption I : Books are best resource for complete knowledge and learning.
Assumption II : Reading helps to improve focus and analytical thinking.

Exam Year(s)

MPPSC State Service - 2022, MPPSC Forest Service - 2022,

Answer: A

Only assumption I is strong.

The statement recommends book-reading because books provide comprehensive and detailed information about an issue. That reasoning takes for granted that books are a good resource for complete knowledge and learning, which is assumption I.

Assumption II may be true, but the statement does not rely on it: its reason is the information books provide, not any improvement in focus or analytical thinking. So the options including II are wrong.

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5.

Statement : A notice reads "Please do not photocopy this book without my permission".

Assumption I : It is possible to photocopy the book.
Assumption II : This warning implies punishment for people violating it.

Exam Year(s)

MPPSC State Service - 2022, MPPSC Forest Service - 2022,

Answer: A

Only assumption I is implicit.

Nobody warns against doing something that cannot be done, so a notice forbidding photocopying without permission assumes that the book can be photocopied. Assumption I is implicit.

The notice is a polite request ('Please do not ...') and mentions no penalty, so it does not assume that violators will be punished. Assumption II reads more into the words than they say.

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6.

Statement : Pure ghee is good for health.

Assumption I : All healthy people take ghee.
Assumption II : Sweets with pure ghee are good for health.

Exam Year(s)

MPPSC State Service - 2022, MPPSC Forest Service - 2022,

Answer: D

Neither assumption I nor II is implicit.

Saying that pure ghee is good for health does not assume that all healthy people take ghee: people can be healthy for many other reasons, so assumption I is not implied.

Nor does it assume that sweets made with pure ghee are good for health. Sweets contain sugar and other ingredients, and the statement is about ghee alone, so assumption II extends it to something it does not cover.

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Direction for [ Question No: 7 To 8 ] :

In each of the questions below is given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. Consider the assumptions and decide which of them is/are implicit in the given statement.

7.

The International Solar Alliance seeks to bring down the cost of producing solar power.

Assumption I : Promotion of R & D, particularly in the area of efficient storage systems.
Assumption II : Member will be legally bound to increase the solar energy generation.

Exam Year(s)

MPPSC State Service - 2018,

Answer: A

The answer is Assumption I is strong.

If the alliance seeks to bring down the cost of producing solar power, it is implied that it will work on the factors that drive the cost, of which research and development, especially in efficient and cheap storage, is central.

Assumption II does not follow: lowering costs does not require members to be legally bound to raise generation, and the International Solar Alliance works through voluntary cooperation rather than binding targets. So only I is implicit.

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8.

A Physics teacher in the class announced to keep a copy of Concepts of Physics written by H. C. Verma.

Assumption I : The book is well-written.
Assumption II : Every student can afford to buy the book.

Exam Year(s)

MPPSC State Service - 2018,

Answer: A

The answer is Assumption I is strong.

A teacher who asks the class to keep a particular book obviously considers it a good, well-written book for the subject; otherwise there would be no reason to recommend it.

Assumption II is not implicit: the teacher may recommend the book without assuming every student can afford it (students may share copies or use the library). So only I is strong.

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Direction for [ Question No: 9 To 10 ] :

In each question below is given a statement followed by three assumptions numbered I, II and III. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions, decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement and choose your answer accordingly.

9.

Statement: "Wanted a two bedroom flat in the court area for immediate possession." - An advertisement.

Assumptions:

1. Flats are available in court area.

2. Some people will respond to the advertisement.

3. It is a practice to give such an advertisement.

Answer: B

The advertisement depicts only the requirement, not the availability of flats in court area. So, I is not implicit. Such advertisements are given with the expectation of a response which can make such a flat available. So, II is implicit. Assumption III does not follow from the statement and so is not implicit

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10.

Statement: This book is so prepared that even a layman can study science in the absence of a teacher.

Assumptions:

1. A layman wishes to study science without a teacher.

2. A teacher may not always be available to teach science.

3. A layman generally finds it difficult to learn science on its own

Answer: B

Clearly, the statement is made to impress the usefulness of the book. It does not mention the desire of a layman. So, I is not implicit. Also, the book is intended to guide one when a teacher is not available. So, both II and III are implicit.

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