TCP/IP Questions and Answers

Q: Which DNS resource record is used to provide the ability to associate arbitrary text with a host name ?

The resource record is TXT.A TXT record associates arbitrary text with a domain name. It is widely used for machine-readable information as well, such as SPF records that list a domain's permitted mail servers and verification strings for web services.An A record maps a host name to an IPv4 address. 'MCX' is not a record type (the mail record is MX), and 'Text' is not the name of the record type, which is written TXT.

Q: What is the fixed-size blocks used by Trivial File Transfer Protocol to transfer the data ?

TFTP uses fixed blocks of 512 bytes.Trivial File Transfer Protocol (RFC 1350) sends data in numbered blocks of 512 bytes, each acknowledged before the next is sent. A block shorter than 512 bytes signals the end of the file.Larger block sizes can be negotiated only through the later block-size option extension; the protocol's fixed block is 512, not 128, 256 or 1024.

Q: What are the highly stable and highly volatile values that are assigned to the information in Time-to-live field ?

The values are 86400 and 60 seconds.In DNS resource records, the Time-to-live field says how long a cached record may be kept. Tanenbaum gives the example that highly stable information is assigned a large value such as 86400, the number of seconds in one day, and highly volatile information a small value such as 60, one minute.The other pairs are not the textbook values; 36000 seconds is ten hours, and 0 would forbid caching altogether.

Q: In the principal DNS resource record type, Type "A' represents ............. .

An A record gives the IP address of a host.The A (address) resource record maps a host name to its 32-bit IPv4 address, which is the most common DNS lookup. AAAA records do the same for IPv6.An NS record names an authoritative name server for a domain. A PTR (pointer) record maps an address back to a name, for reverse lookups. HINFO describes the host's CPU and operating system.

Q: Which of the following protocols uses both TCP and UDP?

Correct answer: DNSDNS uses UDP port 53 for ordinary queries, because a query and its reply are small and a lost one is simply retried, and TCP port 53 when the response exceeds what a single datagram will carry and for zone transfers between servers. FTP, SMTP and Telnet all use TCP alone.

Q: Which class of IP address provides a maximum of only 254 host addresses per network ID?

Correct answer: Class CA Class C network uses 24 bits for the network and 8 for the host, giving \( 2^8 = 256 \) addresses of which two are reserved - the all-zeros network address and the all-ones broadcast - leaving 254 usable hosts. Class B gives 65,534 and Class A gives 16,777,214, while Class D is multicast and has no host portion at all.

Q: What layer in the TCP/IP stack is equivalent to the Transport layer of the OSI model?

Correct answer: Host-to-HostThe DoD model’s four layers map onto the OSI seven as follows: Application covers OSI layers 5 to 7, Host-to-Host corresponds to Transport, Internet to Network, and Network Access to Data Link and Physical. Host-to-Host is where TCP and UDP live, which is the practical way to remember it.

Q: If you use either Telnet or FTP, which is the highest layer you are using to transmit data?

Correct answer: ApplicationTelnet and FTP are application layer protocols, and the Application layer is the highest in the OSI model, so that is the highest layer in use. The question is asking which layer the protocol itself occupies rather than which layers the data passes through - it passes through all seven on the way down.

Q: Which of the following services use TCP? 1.DHCP 2.SMTP 3.HTTP 4.TFTP 5.FTP

Correct answer: 2, 3 and 5SMTP, HTTP and FTP all use TCP, because each needs delivery guaranteed and in order - a mail message, a web page and a file transfer are all useless with pieces missing. DHCP and TFTP use UDP: DHCP because a client has no address yet and must broadcast, and TFTP because it implements its own simple acknowledgement scheme and was designed to be small enough to fit in boot ROM.

21.

Which DNS resource record is used to provide the ability to associate arbitrary text with a host name ?

A.A
B.MCX
C.TXT
D.Text

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2021, SET Exam - 2021,

Answer: C

The resource record is TXT.

A TXT record associates arbitrary text with a domain name. It is widely used for machine-readable information as well, such as SPF records that list a domain's permitted mail servers and verification strings for web services.

An A record maps a host name to an IPv4 address. 'MCX' is not a record type (the mail record is MX), and 'Text' is not the name of the record type, which is written TXT.

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22.

What is the fixed-size blocks used by Trivial File Transfer Protocol to transfer the data ?

A.128 bytes
B.256 bytes
C.512 bytes
D.1024 bytes

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: C

TFTP uses fixed blocks of 512 bytes.

Trivial File Transfer Protocol (RFC 1350) sends data in numbered blocks of 512 bytes, each acknowledged before the next is sent. A block shorter than 512 bytes signals the end of the file.

Larger block sizes can be negotiated only through the later block-size option extension; the protocol's fixed block is 512, not 128, 256 or 1024.

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23.

What are the highly stable and highly volatile values that are assigned to the information in Time-to-live field ?

A.86400 and 60
B.36000 and 0
C.128000 and 128
D.120000 and 60

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2024, SET Exam - 2024,

Answer: A

The values are 86400 and 60 seconds.

In DNS resource records, the Time-to-live field says how long a cached record may be kept. Tanenbaum gives the example that highly stable information is assigned a large value such as 86400, the number of seconds in one day, and highly volatile information a small value such as 60, one minute.

The other pairs are not the textbook values; 36000 seconds is ten hours, and 0 would forbid caching altogether.

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24.

In the principal DNS resource record type, Type "A' represents ............. .

A.Name server
B.Pointer
C.Host Description
D.IP address of a host

Exam Year(s)

MH SET - 2025, SET Exam - 2025,

Answer: D

An A record gives the IP address of a host.

The A (address) resource record maps a host name to its 32-bit IPv4 address, which is the most common DNS lookup. AAAA records do the same for IPv6.

An NS record names an authoritative name server for a domain. A PTR (pointer) record maps an address back to a name, for reverse lookups. HINFO describes the host's CPU and operating system.

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25.

Which of the following describe the DHCP Discover message?

1.It uses FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF as a layer 2 broadcast.

2.It uses UDP as the Transport layer protocol.

3.It uses TCP as the Transport layer protocol.

4.It does not use a layer 2 destination address.

A.1 only
B.1 and 2
C.3 and 4
D.4 only

Answer: B

A client that sends out a DHCP Discover message in order to receive an IP address sends out a broadcast at both layer 2 and layer 3. The layer 2 broadcast is all Fs in hex, or FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF. The layer 3 broadcast is 255.255.255.255, which means all networks and all hosts. DHCP is connectionless, which means it uses User Datagram Protocol (UDP) at the Transport layer, also called the Host-to-Host layer.

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26.

Which of the following protocols uses both TCP and UDP?

A.FTP
B.SMTP
C.Telnet
D.DNS

Answer: D

Correct answer: DNS

DNS uses UDP port 53 for ordinary queries, because a query and its reply are small and a lost one is simply retried, and TCP port 53 when the response exceeds what a single datagram will carry and for zone transfers between servers. FTP, SMTP and Telnet all use TCP alone.

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27.

Which class of IP address provides a maximum of only 254 host addresses per network ID?

A.Class A
B.Class B
C.Class C
D.Class D

Answer: C

Correct answer: Class C

A Class C network uses 24 bits for the network and 8 for the host, giving \( 2^8 = 256 \) addresses of which two are reserved - the all-zeros network address and the all-ones broadcast - leaving 254 usable hosts. Class B gives 65,534 and Class A gives 16,777,214, while Class D is multicast and has no host portion at all.

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28.

What layer in the TCP/IP stack is equivalent to the Transport layer of the OSI model?

A.Application
B.Host-to-Host
C.Internet
D.Network Access

Answer: B

Correct answer: Host-to-Host

The DoD model’s four layers map onto the OSI seven as follows: Application covers OSI layers 5 to 7, Host-to-Host corresponds to Transport, Internet to Network, and Network Access to Data Link and Physical. Host-to-Host is where TCP and UDP live, which is the practical way to remember it.

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29.

If you use either Telnet or FTP, which is the highest layer you are using to transmit data?

A.Application
B.Presentation
C.Session
D.Transport

Answer: A

Correct answer: Application

Telnet and FTP are application layer protocols, and the Application layer is the highest in the OSI model, so that is the highest layer in use. The question is asking which layer the protocol itself occupies rather than which layers the data passes through - it passes through all seven on the way down.

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30.

Which of the following services use TCP?

1.DHCP

2.SMTP

3.HTTP

4.TFTP

5.FTP

A.1 and 2
B.2, 3 and 5
C.1, 2 and 4
D.1, 3 and 4

Answer: B

Correct answer: 2, 3 and 5

SMTP, HTTP and FTP all use TCP, because each needs delivery guaranteed and in order - a mail message, a web page and a file transfer are all useless with pieces missing. DHCP and TFTP use UDP: DHCP because a client has no address yet and must broadcast, and TFTP because it implements its own simple acknowledgement scheme and was designed to be small enough to fit in boot ROM.

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