Thinking, Intelligence and Creativity Questions and Answers

21.

Who coined the term ‘mental age’?

A.James McKeen Cattell
B.Alfred Binet
C.Lewis Terman
D.David Wechsler

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: B

Alfred Binet introduced the idea of mental age in the Binet-Simon scale to compare a child's performance with the typical performance of children of different ages. Terman revised the scale and used the intelligence quotient, Wechsler developed deviation IQ, and Cattell used the term mental test. Binet and Simon published the first intelligence scale in 1905 to identify children who needed special help in school, and the idea of mental age was used there to describe a child's level of performance in terms of the age at which an average child could do the same tasks.

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22.

Which of the following approaches is NOT primarily related to PASS model?

A.Neuropsychological
B.Cognitive
C.Socio-cultural
D.Psychometric

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: C

The socio-cultural approach is not primarily related to the PASS model of planning, attention, simultaneous and successive processing. The model draws on neuropsychology (Luria's functional units), cognitive psychology and psychometric testing, so those are the approaches related to it. PASS stands for Planning, Attention, Simultaneous and Successive processing. It was developed by Das, Naglieri and Kirby as a cognitive processing theory based on Luria's neuropsychological work.

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23.

Which of the following options related to the problem-solving schemas concept is correct?

A.Problem solving schemas are similar to mental blueprints or step-by-step scripts for picking information and solving certain types of challenges.
B.It involves the tendency to stick to the same way that worked in the past.
C.It involves defining subgoals or intermediate steps towards a result.
D.It involves using higher mental functions to solve problems, attain goals or reach conclusions.

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: A

The correct option is the one that describes problem-solving schemas as mental blueprints or step-by-step scripts for picking up information and solving certain types of challenges. The other options describe a mental set (sticking to what worked), subgoals and the general definition of higher mental functions, not the schema concept. A schema in problem solving is a ready-made pattern of steps for a type of problem. It helps to solve similar problems quickly but can also mislead when the problem needs a new approach.

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24.

Who among the following first used the term 'gifted' to describe individual differences?

A.Lewis Terman
B.Alfred Binet
C.Sir Francis Galton
D.William Stern

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: C

Sir Francis Galton first used the term gifted in his study of individual differences in Hereditary Genius. Lewis Terman later carried out long-term studies of gifted children, Alfred Binet developed the intelligence scale, and William Stern proposed the intelligence quotient. Galton studied the inheritance of ability in eminent families, and he used the term gifted for those of high natural ability, which he thought were passed on through heredity.

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25.

Identify the process in which a person starts with one answer and comes up with many different ideas.

A.Convergent thinking
B.Divergent thinking
C.Inductive reasoning
D.Deductive reasoning

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: B

Divergent thinking is the process of starting with one starting point and coming up with many different ideas. Convergent thinking narrows many ideas to one answer, and inductive and deductive reasoning move between particular cases and general rules. Guilford distinguished divergent thinking, which produces many answers to an open question, from convergent thinking, which finds the one correct answer, and he treated divergent thinking as central to creativity.

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26.

Identify the rules within a given language indicating how words can be combined into meaningful sentences.

A.Grammar
B.Semantic development
C.Babbling
D.Phonological development

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: A

Grammar is the set of rules within a language that tells how words can be combined into meaningful sentences. Semantic development concerns meanings of words, babbling is early speech-like sounds of infants, and phonological development concerns speech sounds. Grammar includes syntax, the rules of word order and combination, and morphology, the rules of word forms. Without grammar, words could not be arranged into meaningful sentences.

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27.

Who developed the Remote Associates Test of creativity?

A.Mednick and Mednick
B.JP Guilford
C.EP Torrance
D.RJ Sternberg

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: A

The Remote Associates Test of creativity was developed by Mednick and Mednick: the person must find a single word that links three unrelated words. Guilford is known for the structure of intellect and divergent thinking, Torrance for the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking, and Sternberg for the triarchic theory. In the Remote Associates Test the three words, for example cookies, sixteen and heart, all link to one word, sweet. It was created by Sarnoff Mednick and Martha Mednick in the early 1960s as a measure of creative thinking by association.

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28.

Identify the process in which something fits our prototype for that particular concept or class.

A.Means-end analysis
B.Availability heuristic
C.Algorithm
D.Representativeness heuristic

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: D

Representativeness heuristic is the process in which something is judged to belong to a category because it fits our prototype of it. Means-end analysis is a problem-solving strategy, availability heuristic judges likelihood by how easily examples come to mind, and an algorithm is a step-by-step rule that guarantees a solution. The representativeness heuristic judges the probability that something belongs to a category by how closely it resembles the typical member, and it can lead to errors when base rates are ignored.

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29.

Which of the following types of intelligence is NOT given in the theory of multiple intelligences?

A.Musical intelligence
B.Linguistic intelligence
C.Personal intelligence
D.Visuospatial intelligence

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: C

Personal intelligence is not one of the intelligences in Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences. The theory lists linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, visuospatial, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal and naturalist intelligence. Gardner included interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence as two separate intelligences, but not a single one called personal intelligence, so that name is not among those he proposed.

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30.

Which of the following components is mainly NOT included by emotional intelligence?

A.The ability to read others' emotions accurately
B.The ability to motivate oneself
C.The ability to control one's emotional responses
D.The ability to learn new things

Exam Year(s)

DSSSB PGT - 2023,

Answer: D

The ability to learn new things is not a component of emotional intelligence. The components are the ability to read others' emotions accurately, to motivate oneself, and to control one's emotional responses, along with awareness of one's own emotions. Learning new things is related to cognitive ability, not to the emotional skills. Emotional intelligence, as popularised by Goleman, includes self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy and social skills, and it is separate from learning ability or academic intelligence.

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