Ecosystems and Biodiversity Questions and Answers

Q: The interaction, in which one organism is benefitted and the other is neither harmed nor benefitted, is called :

The interaction is Commensalism.In commensalism one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped, as with an orchid growing on a mango branch, or barnacles on a whale.In mutualism (often loosely called symbiosis) both partners benefit; in parasitism one benefits at the other's expense; exploitation also harms one partner.A classic animal example is the cattle egret, which feeds on insects disturbed by grazing cattle without affecting them.

Q: Consider the following statements about Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve :1. It is World Heritage Site.2. Its inhabitants include snow leopard, musk deer and blue sheep.Choose the correct answer using following options :

1 and 2 both are correct.The core of the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve is the Nanda Devi National Park, which with the Valley of Flowers forms the UNESCO World Heritage Site 'Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks'; the reserve as a whole is also in UNESCO's World Network of Biosphere Reserves.Its high-altitude fauna includes the snow leopard, Himalayan musk deer and bharal (blue sheep), along with the Himalayan tahr and black bear, so statement 2 is also correct.

Q: Which of the following statements about causes of biodiversity loss is/are correct ?1. Habitat loss and fragmentation are the most important cause driving animals and plants to extinction.2. Human activities lead to over-exploitation of natural resources.3. When a species becomes extinct, the plant and animal species associated with it do not become extinct.Choose the correct answer using following options :

Statements 1 and 2 both are correct.Habitat loss and fragmentation are the most important cause of extinction, and over-exploitation of natural resources by humans is another of the main causes (the 'evil quartet' also includes alien species invasion and co-extinction).Statement 3 is false: when a species becomes extinct, the species tied to it obligatorily, such as its parasites or a plant and its specific pollinator, may also become extinct. This is co-extinction.

351.

The interaction, in which one organism is benefitted and the other is neither harmed nor benefitted, is called :

A.Symbiosis
B.Commensalism
C.Parasitism
D.Exploitation

Exam Year(s)

UKPSC Combined Upper Subordinate Service - 2025,

Answer: B

The interaction is Commensalism.

In commensalism one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped, as with an orchid growing on a mango branch, or barnacles on a whale.

In mutualism (often loosely called symbiosis) both partners benefit; in parasitism one benefits at the other's expense; exploitation also harms one partner.

A classic animal example is the cattle egret, which feeds on insects disturbed by grazing cattle without affecting them.

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352.

Consider the following statements about Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve :
1. It is World Heritage Site.
2. Its inhabitants include snow leopard, musk deer and blue sheep.
Choose the correct answer using following options :

A.Only 1
B.Only 2
C.1 and 2 both
D.Neither 1 nor 2

Exam Year(s)

UKPSC Combined Upper Subordinate Service - 2025,

Answer: C

1 and 2 both are correct.

The core of the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve is the Nanda Devi National Park, which with the Valley of Flowers forms the UNESCO World Heritage Site 'Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks'; the reserve as a whole is also in UNESCO's World Network of Biosphere Reserves.

Its high-altitude fauna includes the snow leopard, Himalayan musk deer and bharal (blue sheep), along with the Himalayan tahr and black bear, so statement 2 is also correct.

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353.

Which of the following statements about causes of biodiversity loss is/are correct ?
1. Habitat loss and fragmentation are the most important cause driving animals and plants to extinction.
2. Human activities lead to over-exploitation of natural resources.
3. When a species becomes extinct, the plant and animal species associated with it do not become extinct.
Choose the correct answer using following options :

A.Only 3
B.Only 1
C.1 and 2 both
D.Only 2

Exam Year(s)

UKPSC Combined Upper Subordinate Service - 2025,

Answer: C

Statements 1 and 2 both are correct.

Habitat loss and fragmentation are the most important cause of extinction, and over-exploitation of natural resources by humans is another of the main causes (the 'evil quartet' also includes alien species invasion and co-extinction).

Statement 3 is false: when a species becomes extinct, the species tied to it obligatorily, such as its parasites or a plant and its specific pollinator, may also become extinct. This is co-extinction.

Discuss in Forum

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